Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41521923›Full record

ArticleCirculation. Heart failure2026

Identification of Heart Transplant Rejection Subtypes With Circulating MicroRNAs.

Jason F Goldberg, Pramita Bagchi, Angela Mercado, Keyur B Shah, Samer S Najjar, Inna Tchoukina, Maria E Rodrigo, Steven Hsu, Moonkyoo Jang, Hyesik Kong and 6 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Circulation. Heart failure, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02423070 (Genome Transplant Dynamics), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02423070 recruitingnot on this map

Genome Transplant Dynamics

TypeobservationalSponsorNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)Ran2015 to 2034Enrolled991ConditionsThoracic Organ Transplantation
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Jason F GoldbergInova Children's Hospital, Falls Church, VA (J.F.G.).ORCID 0000-0001-8351-6376
Pramita BagchiMilken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC (P.B.).
Angela MercadoInova Schar Heart and Vascular, Falls Church, VA (A.M., P.S.).
Keyur B ShahDepartment of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S., I.T.).
Samer S NajjarMedStar Health, Baltimore, MD (S.S.N.).ORCID 0000-0002-9149-416X
Inna TchoukinaDepartment of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S., I.T.).ORCID 0000-0002-1587-1998
Maria E RodrigoMedstar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC (M.E.R.).
Steven HsuDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institute, Baltimore, MD (S.H., S.A.-E.).ORCID 0000-0002-8384-2638
Moonkyoo JangNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (M.J., H.K., S.A.-E.).ORCID 0000-0002-1657-2877
Hyesik KongNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (M.J., H.K., S.A.-E.).ORCID 0000-0001-7540-2045
Charles C MarboeDepartment of Pathology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY (C.C.M.).ORCID 0000-0001-6844-209X
Gerald J BerryDepartment of Pathology (G.J.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA.ORCID 0000-0002-6176-2629
Hannah A ValantineDepartment of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (H.A.V.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA.ORCID 0000-0002-2948-9503
Sean Agbor-EnohDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institute, Baltimore, MD (S.H., S.A.-E.).ORCID 0000-0002-9380-9161
Palak ShahInova Schar Heart and Vascular, Falls Church, VA (A.M., P.S.).ORCID 0000-0001-8175-168X
GRAfT Investigators

Funding

MicroRNA Biomarkers of Allograft Rejection and Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy in Cardiac TransplantationK23HL143179 · NHLBI · INOVA HEALTH CARE SERVICES · PI SHAH, PALAK · 2020 to 2024
$927k
NHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201300001CNHLBI NIH HHS K23 HL143179
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCirculating microRNAs are promising biomarkers of acute cellular rejection (ACR) and antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) in heart transplantation. The study objective was to assess the characteristics and diagnostic performance of previously identified microRNAs and clinical rejection scores (CRS) in distinct blood samples obtained at the time of an endomyocardial biopsy (EMB).

methodsIn the 5-center, prospective, longitudinal cohort study, GRAfT (Genomic Research Alliance for Transplantation), microRNA sequencing was performed on blood samples. The previously identified microRNAs associated with ACR (n=12) and AMR (n=17) were used to fit a logistic regression model to the current cohort, and the scores were scaled from 0 to 100. Diagnostic performance of ACR and AMR microRNA panels was assessed by the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve. An adjusted Cox proportional hazard model evaluated the effect of CRS on long-term outcomes.

resultsIn 173 heart transplant recipients (29% female sex, 41% Black race, median follow-up 374 days after transplant), 922 blood samples were sequenced, 720 paired with EMB. Among 14 episodes of ACR, the median ACR CRS was 78 compared with 42 without ACR,

conclusionsCirculating microRNAs reliably identified ACR and AMR on EMB. An elevated microRNA CRS was associated with an increased risk of subsequent rejection, allograft dysfunction, or death. This biomarker, with further validation, can serve as a noninvasive test to screen and diagnose ACR and AMR without the need for an EMB. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT02423070.

Indexed as

Circulating MicroRNAGraft RejectionHeart TransplantationMicroRNAsAdultBiomarkersBiopsyFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedPredictive Value of TestsProspective StudiesRisk FactorsBiomarkersCirculating MicroRNAMicroRNAsallograftbiomarkersgenomicsheart transplantationmicroRNAs

Identifiers

PMID41521923
PMCPMC12798699

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.