Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41521394›Full record

ArticleJPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition2026

Metabolic profiles in adults with trauma receiving enteral nutrition support: A metabolomic cohort study.

Grant E O'Keefe, Sandi L Navarro, Zihan Zheng, Timothy W Randolph, Marilyn Shelton, Norma Elizaga, Qian Qiu, Gowda G A Nagana, Daniel Raftery

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Grant E O'KeefeDepartment of Surgery, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7453-9429
Sandi L NavarroDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Zihan ZhengDivision of Vaccine and Infectious Disease, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Timothy W RandolphClinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Marilyn SheltonDepartment of Nutrition and Food Services, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Norma ElizagaDepartment of Surgery, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Qian QiuHarborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Gowda G A NaganaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Daniel RafteryDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Funding

PILOT STUDY--CLINICAL NUTRITION RESEARCHP30DK035816 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Ellen A Schur · 1986 to 2026
$30.4M
Surgery Research Training ProgramT32GM121290 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI GRANT E O'KEEFE · 2017 to 2026
$2.8M
Protein-enhanced enteral nutrition and metabolomics in critically ill trauma and surgical patientsR01GM127790 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI O'KEEFE, GRANT E · 2018 to 2021
$1.5M
NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK035816NIDDK P30 DK035816 (Nutrition and Obesity Research Center)NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM127790NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM121290NIH HHS R01GM127790NIH HHS T32 GM121290
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWe aimed to identify metabolic changes after injury and potential mechanisms whereby nutrition support may influence metabolites and pathways. We analyzed 45 metabolites in 67 trauma patients.

methodsWe performed a metabolomic cohort study in critically ill adults with trauma using nuclear magnetic resonance to quantify 45 metabolites in plasma. We divided the cohort into two groups based on the median amount of protein intake calculated by averaging over the first 7 days of nutrition support. Using linear mixed models, we tested the hypotheses that metabolite concentrations would differ over time and the rate of change is altered by the amount of enteral protein intake.

resultsFive metabolites in each of the low (median = 0.6 [IQR, 0.4-0.8] gm/kg/day) and high (1.5 [1.1-1.7] gm/kg/day) protein intake groups were different by day 3 compared with baseline. Twenty metabolites in the low-protein intake group and 14 metabolites in the high-protein intake group were different by day 7 compared with baseline. There was no evidence that the rate of metabolite change over time differs by protein intake group. Quantitative enrichment analysis indicated that branched chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism was one of the most altered pathways in both groups.

conclusionIn critically ill trauma patients, metabolites, particularly those linked with BCAA metabolism, are altered over time but not influenced by the amount of enteral protein intake during the first week.

Indexed as

Enteral NutritionMetabolomeMetabolomicsWounds and InjuriesAdultCohort StudiesCritical IllnessDietary ProteinsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedDietary Proteinsamino acidsmetabolomicsnutritional supportproteintraumatic injury

Identifiers

PMID41521394
PMCPMC13235312

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.