ArticleWorld journal of urology2026
Thermal injury and treatment efficiency during thulium fiber laser lithotripsy: insights from an in vivo porcine model.
Article in World journal of urology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Thermal determinants during in situ lithotripsy of nonrelocatable impacted ureteral calculi using a flexible and navigable suction ureteral access sheath: an in vitro study.World journal of urology · 2026Article
- Intra-Crater Bubble Expansion Drives the Fracture of Impacted Ureteral Artificial and Human Calcium Phosphate Stones in Laser Lithotripsy.Lasers in surgery and medicine · 2026Article
- 3D Passive Cavitation Mapping (3D-PCM) with a Large-aperture Planar Array.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Visibly Transparent, Near-Infrared Absorbing Nanofluids Enable High-Efficiency and Safe Laser Lithotripsy.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Optimizing Fragmentation while Minimizing Thermal Injury Risk with the Thulium Fiber Laser in Ureteral Stone Lithotripsy: An In Vitro Study.Journal of endourology · 2025Article
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16 authors.
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Abstract
purposeTo evaluate the risk of thermal injury and the treatment efficiency during thulium fiber laser (TFL) lithotripsy of renal and ureteral stone phantoms in an in vivo porcine model.
methodsBegoStone phantoms were sequentially implanted and treated in the kidneys and ureters of five live anesthetized pigs using ureteroscopy and a 200-µm TFL fiber. Room-temperature saline irrigation (20 mL/min) was used. Intraluminal temperatures were monitored using thermocouples. Nine kidney stone treatments were performed at 0.8 J/12 Hz, 0.2 J/100 Hz, and 1 J/20 Hz. Twelve ureteral stone treatments were performed at 0.8 J/12 Hz, 2 J/5 Hz, 0.2 J/100 Hz, and 1 J/20 Hz. Treatment efficiency was assessed by measuring residual stone mass. Histopathological examinations assessed for thermal injury.
resultsIn kidney treatments, maximum temperatures were lower at 10 W settings (median 33.2˚C) than at 20 W (45.7˚C, p = 0.020). Histology revealed major thermal injury in 1/3 treatments at 10 W and 4/6 at 20 W (p = 0.524). In ureter treatments, temperatures did not differ significantly between 10 W (median 36.3˚C) and 20 W (44.6˚C, p = 0.109) settings. However, major histologic thermal injury occurred in 1/6 treatments at 10 W and 6/6 at 20 W (p = 0.015). Median treatment efficiency was 0.57 mg/sec (kidney) and 0.35 mg/sec (ureter), with no significant differences among settings.
conclusionTFL lithotripsy at 20 W can exceed thermal safety thresholds, especially in the ureter. Treatment at 10 W appears safer without significantly compromising efficiency, supporting its use for minimizing thermal injury risk.
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