ArticleScientific reports2026
Drivers and mitigation of nocturnal heat Island propagation in Changsha music cultural districts.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Nighttime cultural districts concentrate dense human activity, intense illumination, and continuous operations, which can generate pronounced nocturnal thermal anomalies that remain insufficiently examined in urban heat island (UHI) research. This study analyzes how nocturnal UHIs form and propagate across five representative music-cultural districts in Changsha, China, between 2013 and 2024. Using multi-source satellite observations in combination with XGBoost, principal component regression, structural equation modeling, and a Gaussian diffusion kernel, we reconstructed high-resolution nocturnal land surface temperature (LST) patterns and assessed the drivers of spatial variability. Results show a steady citywide warming trend, peaking in 2022 with a mean nocturnal LST of 17.03 °C (maximum 21.32 °C), accompanied by increasing spatial heterogeneity. Music-cultural districts showed heterogeneous thermal risk profiles, commercial corridors such as Jiefang West Road were consistently 1.0-2.1 °C hotter than surrounding areas, while river- and park-adjacent districts such as Orange Island and Meixihu functioned as persistent cold islands (- 2.0 to - 2.8 °C). Diffusion analysis revealed corridor-like propagation with gradients of 1.5-4.2 °C km
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