ArticleJournal of orthopaedic surgery and research2026
Preparation and in vitro sustained release performance of thermosensitive gel microsphere composite loaded with Anti-Tuberculosis drug PaMZ/BMP-2.
Article in Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundTo meet the needs of local treatment for spinal tuberculosis, this study developed a thermosensitive gel microsphere composite with both anti-tuberculosis and osteogenesis-promoting functions for efficient drug sustained release. The composite consists of anti-tuberculosis drugs (Pretomanid, Pa-824; Moxifloxacin, M; Pyrazinamide, Z) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) to optimize drug release kinetics and enhance local therapeutic effects.
methodsPaMZ/BMP-2 microspheres were prepared using microfluidics and characterized by SEM, particle size analysis, and XRD. LC-MS and ELISA measured drug and BMP-2 release. The thermosensitive gel (P407/P188) ratio was optimized to ensure it remained liquid at room temperature and formed a gel at 37 °C for sustained release.
resultsMicrospheres were spherical with an average size of 203.92 ± 27.76 μm. Encapsulation rates were 112.69%, 24.15%, and 15.18% for Pa, M, and Z, respectively. In vitro release showed Pa and M sustained release for over 17 days, with the gel prolonging drug release.
conclusionThis study successfully prepared PaMZ/BMP-2 microspheres with good morphology and drug loading capacity, achieving controlled sustained release through thermosensitive gel. This offers a potential formulation approach for future localized therapy of spinal tuberculosis and lays the foundation for subsequent in vivo experiments and clinical translation.
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