Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41519778›Full record

ArticleBMC health services research2026

The imperative of digital competence in healthcare professionals: comparison between the North and South of Europe.

Marco Esperança, Joao C Ferreira, Ana Lucia Martins

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC health services research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Barriers and enablers for health system reform.Frontiers in health services · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Marco EsperançaInstituto Universitario de Lisboa ISCTE-IUL, Lisbon, 1649-026, Portugal.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-0064-2424
Joao C FerreiraInstituto Universitario de Lisboa ISCTE-IUL, Lisbon, 1649-026, Portugal. joao.c.amaro.ferreira@himolde.no.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6662-0806
Ana Lucia MartinsINESC INOV-Lab, Lisbon, 1000-029, Portugal.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8533-6595

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDigital transformation in healthcare increasingly depends on the digitalisation of day-to-day clinical work, in particular on professionals’ ability to use electronic health records, telemedicine, and data-driven tools. However, gaps in digital competence and uneven access to training persist across Europe. This study examines how healthcare professionals understand and apply digital tools in clinical practice, and compares perceived barriers between Northern and Southern Europe.

methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional qualitative survey using a digital self-assessment questionnaire administered to 2,048 healthcare professionals from six European countries. The study was theoretically grounded in the European Digital Competence Framework for Citizens 2.0 (DigComp 2.0) and the eHealth Literacy Framework, and employed thematic analysis to interpret open-ended responses.

resultsFour key thematic areas emerged: remote patient care and monitoring; digital education and health management; transformation of clinical workflows; and data-driven diagnostics. Professionals in Northern Europe—especially Finland—described integrated digital systems, structured training, and institutional support. Participants in Southern Europe more often reported fragmented infrastructure, limited training opportunities, and organizational resistance. The most frequently cited barriers to digital adoption were lack of training (23%), time constraints (27%), limited resources (24%), and resistance to change (19%).

conclusionsHealthcare professionals widely view digital competence as essential for safe and effective care, but uptake is constrained by structural barriers and regional inequalities. Targeted investment in workforce training, protected time for skill development, and foundational digital infrastructure—particularly in Southern Europe and in resource-limited settings—is needed to support equitable digital transformation across European health systems.

Indexed as

Health PersonnelAdultAttitude of Health PersonnelCross-Sectional StudiesDigital HealthEuropeFemaleHumansQualitative ResearchSurveys and QuestionnairesTelemedicineDigital competenciesDigital healthDigital transformationHealthcare workforce training

Identifiers

PMID41519778
PMCPMC12882289

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.