Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41519739›Full record

ArticleBMC ophthalmology2026

CD8+ T cell aging is associated with macular neovascularization area change in neovascular age-related macular degeneration: a prospective cohort study.

Alexander Kai Thomsen, Maria Abildgaard Steffensen, Kathrine Gotfredsen, Henrik Vorum, Bent Honoré, Mogens Holst Nissen, Torben Lykke Sørensen

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Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Alexander Kai ThomsenDepartment of Ophthalmology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark. alexanderkaithomsen@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0214-8020
Maria Abildgaard SteffensenDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-6961-3055
Kathrine GotfredsenDepartment of Ophthalmology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7392-9871
Henrik VorumDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7600-0731
Bent HonoréDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3459-7429
Mogens Holst NissenDepartment of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7729-8667
Torben Lykke SørensenDepartment of Ophthalmology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6790-0199

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNeovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is characterized by formation of macular neovascularization (MNV). The aging immune system plays an important role in nAMD pathogenesis. Loss of the costimulatory markers CD27 and CD28 on T cells and increased T cell differentiation is associated with immunosenescence and proinflammatory T cell activation. In this study we investigate the association between MNV area change following anti-VEGF treatment and the aging T cell profile in nAMD patients.

methodsThis prospective cohort study included treatment-naïve nAMD patients. Participants were examined with optical coherence tomography angiography at time of diagnosis and following loading dose to assess the MNV area change. A blood sample was analyzed for circulating aging T cell profile with flow cytometry for the costimulatory markers CD27, CD28, and CD56, as well as T cell differentiation (naïve, central memory, and effector memory) of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.

results54 eyes of 54 patients were included. A significant association was found between a reduction of MNV area and a reduction of the CD8+CD27- T cell proportion (β, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.17 to 1.26; P = 0.035), as well as CD8+CD28- T cell proportion (β, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.20 to 1.23; P = 0.035). A non-significant negative trend was observed between MNV area change and CD8 + naïve T cells (P = 0.099).

conclusionOur results suggest that a less advanced aging T cell profile characterized by lower levels of CD8+CD27- and CD8+CD28- T cells is associated with a greater reduction of MNV area following anti-VEGF treatment in treatment-naïve nAMD patients.

Indexed as

CD8-Positive T-LymphocytesChoroidal NeovascularizationWet Macular DegenerationAgedAged, 80 and overAngiogenesis InhibitorsFemaleFlow CytometryFluorescein AngiographyHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesT-Cell SenescenceTomography, Optical CoherenceAngiogenesis InhibitorsAge-related macular degenerationChoroidal neovascularizationImmunosenescenceInflammationMacular neovascularizationMacular neovascularization areaNeovascular age-related macular degenerationSystemic inflammationT cellsTreatment response

Identifiers

PMID41519739
PMCPMC12882413

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.