ArticleBMC pulmonary medicine2026
Clinical features of pulmonary nocardiosis: a descriptive research study.
Article in BMC pulmonary medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introductionPulmonary nocardiosis lacks specific symptoms and characteristic test findings, making diagnosis and treatment challenging. Therefore, to clarify its clinical features, we analyzed 21 cases diagnosed as pulmonary nocardiosis at our institution.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective review of cases in which Nocardia species were isolated from respiratory specimens at Saitama Red Cross Hospital between January 2017 and May 2024.
resultsThe cohort included 14 females and 7 males, with a mean age of 71.8 years. Underlying lung diseases were present in 14 cases (66.7%), with pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease being the most common (8 cases). Mixed infections with other bacteria were observed in 10 cases (47.6%) at the time of pulmonary nocardiosis diagnosis, including 4 cases involving NTM. Additionally, during follow-up after diagnosis, 4 patients (19.0%) developed mixed infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The prognosis of pulmonary nocardiosis itself was favorable.
conclusionGiven that many patients have underlying lung diseases and that mixed infections (particularly with NTM and P. aeruginosa) are frequently observed both at diagnosis and during follow-up, it is crucial to always consider the possibility of pulmonary nocardiosis when symptoms or imaging findings worsen.
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