Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41519263›Full record

ReviewJournal of global antimicrobial resistance2026

Intervention studies and antimicrobial resistance in Italy: An overview of the latest evidence.

Antonio Vitiello, Andrea Zovi, Michela Sabbatucci, Elisa Fabbro, Walter Ricciardi, Leonardo Villani, Giovanni Rezza, Mariarosaria Boccellino, Annalisa Capuano, Francesco Rossi and 6 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of global antimicrobial resistance, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Antonio VitielloDepartment of Health Prevention, Research and Emergencies, Ministry of Health, Rome, Italy.
Andrea ZoviDepartment of Health Prevention, Research and Emergencies, Ministry of Health, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: zovi.andrea@gmail.com.
Michela SabbatucciDepartment Infectious Diseases, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy.
Elisa FabbroAREA Science Park, Trieste, Italy.
Walter RicciardiSection of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Leonardo VillaniSection of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Giovanni RezzaVita-Salute San Raffaele University of Milan, Milano, Italy.
Mariarosaria BoccellinoDepartment of Life Science, Health and Health Professions Link Campus University, Rome, Italy.
Annalisa CapuanoDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
Francesco RossiDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
Marcello GelorminiControl of Antimicrobial Resistance Programme, World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, København, Denmark.
Danilo Lo Fo WongControl of Antimicrobial Resistance Programme, World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, København, Denmark.
Francesco BlasiInternal Medicine Department, Respiratory Unit and Cystic Fibrosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Cristiana BellanDepartment of Medical Biotechnologies, Section of Pathological Anatomy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Maurizio AcampaStroke Unit, Department of Emergency-Urgency and Transplants, "Santa Maria alle Scotte" General-Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy.
Matteo BassettiInfectious Diseases Clinic, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.

Funding

World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant and growing threat to public health globally, with Italy facing some of the highest resistance rates in Europe. This manuscript reviewed recent Italian intervention studies aimed at mitigating AMR across bacterial, fungal, and viral domains.

methodsStrategies including antimicrobial stewardship (AMS), infection prevention and control (IPC), antifungal stewardship (AFS), and diagnostic advancements were evaluated. The evidence highlighted both the promise and limitations of Italy's current approach.

resultsWhile AMS and IPC programs have reduced antibiotic use, healthcare-associated infections, and costs, regional disparities, inconsistent implementation, and limited longitudinal surveillance remain critical challenges. The fungal resistance landscape is marked by rising threats like Candida auris, requiring urgent expansion of AFS programs. Italy's AMR strategy would benefit from improved IPC infrastructure, realtime data integration, and alignment with One Health principles.

conclusionsStrengthening national coordination, supportinginnovation, and translating surveillance into action at the local level are crucial for turning policy into measurable progress. This review provides actionable insights to guide a more unified and responsive national AMR framework.

Indexed as

Antimicrobial StewardshipDrug Resistance, BacterialAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntifungal AgentsBacteriaBacterial InfectionsCross InfectionDrug Resistance, FungalFungiHumansInfection ControlItalyAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntifungal AgentsAntimicrobial resistanceInfectious diseaseInterventionsItalyPathogens

Identifiers

PMID41519263
PMCPMC12923365

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.