ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2026
Dietary Ethanolamine Increases Hepatic Lipid Accumulation in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet.
Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundEthanolamine (Etn), a precursor of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), may alter hepatic lipid homeostasis and gut health; its dietary effects remain undefined.
objectiveThe objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary Etn on lipid and glucose metabolism and liver/gut health in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice, complemented by in vitro hepatocyte assays.
methodsTen-wk-old C57BL/6 mice (20 male, 18 female) were fed ad libitum HFD (45% energy from fat) with [Ethanolamine supplementation (ES-group)] or without (CON-group) Etn (8 g/kg diet) for 10 wk. Outcomes included body/liver weight, glucose tolerance test (GTT) results, plasma phosphatidylcholine (PC)/cholesteryl ester (CE)/triacylglycerol (TG) concentrations, hepatic TG/PC/PE concentrations, hepatic endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress, and inflammation markers, jejunal morphology/barrier/inflammation genes, and fecal microbiota (α/β diversity). HuH7 cells received 20 μM or 5 mM Etn to assess TG/PC/PE synthesis. STATISTICS: repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) (GTT), t-test or Wilcoxon (other endpoints), permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) (β diversity); α=0.05.
resultsES increased hepatic TG in females by 230% compared with CON (P = 0.001), and trended higher in males (P = 0.054); hepatic PC and PE masses were unchanged. In ES males, GTT area under the curve decreased by 22.6% (P = 0.037), and plasma PC, CE, and TG were reduced by: PC -16.6%, CE -24.5%, TG -25.9%, respectively (all P < 0.05). ES males showed higher hepatic Tnf and Cd68 and increased C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) (all P < 0.05). In vitro, Etn did not alter hepatocellular TG, PC, or PE synthesis (all P > 0.05). Female ES mice exhibited altered fecal β-diversity (PERMANOVA P = 0.006) with early jejunal inflammatory signals (Tnf ↑; P = 0.055).
conclusionsDietary Etn modifies hepatic lipid storage and gut microbiota in a sex-dependent manner and improves glucose tolerance in males, whereas in vitro data indicate no direct effect on hepatocyte lipid synthesis.
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