Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41519130›Full record

ArticleCell reports. Medicine2026

Anti-IL-15 treatment reduces acute lentivirus inflammation and signaling in the brain.

Daniel R Ram, Raja Mohan Gopalakrishnan, Malika Aid, Kyle Kroll, Jasmine Miftahof, Omar Aristizabal, Eunice Kayitare Gikundiro, Caitlin Davis, Marco M Hefti, Kimberly L Fiock and 15 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cell reports. Medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

25 authors.

Daniel R RamCenter for Virology and Vaccine Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
Raja Mohan GopalakrishnanCenter for Virology and Vaccine Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Malika AidCenter for Virology and Vaccine Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Kyle KrollDivision of Innate and Comparative Immunology, Center for Human Systems Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Jasmine MiftahofDepartment of Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Omar AristizabalDepartment of Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Eunice Kayitare GikundiroCenter for Virology and Vaccine Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Caitlin DavisCenter for Virology and Vaccine Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Marco M HeftiDepartment of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Kimberly L FiockDepartment of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Brook TilahunCenter for Virology and Vaccine Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Biology Department, Concordia College, Moorhead, MN, USA.
Yvette UmutoniwaseCenter for Virology and Vaccine Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Biology Department, Concordia College, Moorhead, MN, USA.
Kate LoidoltCenter for Virology and Vaccine Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Biology Department, Concordia College, Moorhead, MN, USA.
Christine M FennesseyAIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA.
Noe B MercadoCenter for Virology and Vaccine Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Victoria Harper-AlexanderBurnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
Rhianna JonesDivision of Innate and Comparative Immunology, Center for Human Systems Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Griffin WoolleyDivision of Innate and Comparative Immunology, Center for Human Systems Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Valerie VarnerCenter for Virology and Vaccine Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Michelle LiftonCenter for Virology and Vaccine Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Steven E BosingerEmory Vaccine Center and Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Dan H BarouchCenter for Virology and Vaccine Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Brandon F KeeleAIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA.
R Keith ReevesCenter for Virology and Vaccine Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Innate and Comparative Immunology, Center for Human Systems Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
C Sabrina TanCenter for Virology and Vaccine Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: sabrina-tan@uiowa.edu.

Funding

WORK ORDER 126643 B539 EXPAND IC SUITE75N91019D00024 · NIAID · LEIDOS BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH, INC. · PI BRISCOE, LYNN · 2019 to 2025
$3932.6M
Fine Mechanisms of Adaptive NK Cell Formation Against HIV and SIVR01AI161010 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI JOST, STEPHANIE, REEVES, ROGER KEITH · 2021 to 2025
$4.9M
Regulation of NK cell antiviral responses through alternative splicingK01OD031899 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA · PI RAM, DANIEL · 2021 to 2023
$617k
NCI NIH HHS 75N91019D00024NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI161010NIH HHS K01 OD031899
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remains a significant complication in people living with HIV, with inflammation playing a central role in its pathogenesis. Understanding how the brain's immune network responds to lentiviral infection is therefore critical. We show that acute simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection elicits a robust resident brain immune response in control animals, marked by enhanced microglial ramification. In contrast, animals pretreated with anti-interleukin (IL)-15 antibodies (αIL-15) before SIV

Indexed as

BrainInflammationInterleukin-15Signal TransductionSimian Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeAnimalsMacaca mulattaMacrophagesMicrogliaNeuroinflammatory DiseasesSimian Immunodeficiency VirusInterleukin-15CNS immune responseHANDIL-15microglianeuroinflammationSIV

Identifiers

PMID41519130
PMCPMC12866110

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.