Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41518352›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of immunology2026

A Transcriptional Map of Human Tonsil Architecture: Beyond the Sum of (Single Cell) Parts.

Helena L Crowell, Laura Llaó-Cid, Gerard Frigola, Samuel Gunz, Irene Ruano, Patricia Lorden, Max Ruiz, Marta Kulis, José Ignacio Martin-Subero, Holger Heyn and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Macrophage heterogeneity in human secondary lymphoid organs.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Helena L CrowellCentro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG), Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-4801-1767
Laura Llaó-CidInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
Gerard FrigolaHematopathology Section, Pathology Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.
Samuel GunzInstitute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-8909-0932
Irene RuanoCentro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG), Barcelona, Spain.
Patricia LordenCentro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG), Barcelona, Spain.
Max RuizCentro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG), Barcelona, Spain.
Marta KulisInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
José Ignacio Martin-SuberoInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
Holger HeynCentro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG), Barcelona, Spain.
Elias CampoInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
Anna Pascual-ReguantCentro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG), Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-5042-3699

Funding

ERA-NET Neuron/Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación PCI2022-133012European Research Council 810287European Union's H2020 research and innovation program 848028European Union's Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) Postdoctoral Fellowship program 101146541Generalitat de Catalunya Suport Grups de Recerca AGAUR 2021-SGRGeneralitat de Catalunya Suport Grups de Recerca AGAUR 2021-SGR-01172LaCaixa Foundation CLLSYSTEMS LCF/PR/HR22/52420015 (HR22-00172)LaCaixa Foundation HR22-0031LaCaixa Foundation HR22-0172MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and FSE+ RYC2022-035848-IMICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER/UE PID2023-148687OB-I00Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación PID2021- 123054OB-I00Ministerio de Ciencia i Innovación PLEC2021-007654Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung 222136The Mark Foundation for Cancer Research and the Scientific Foundation of the Spanish Association Against Cancer ASPIRE award
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The tonsil is a highly compartmentalized organ in which different microanatomical structures orchestrate designated (immune) functions. We use this already well-studied tissue to survey imaging-based spatial transcriptomics data for studying immune responses in native tissue context, and, to demonstrate its advantages for faithfully recapitulating cellular composition in direct comparison with single-cell RNA sequencing. While these data still pose many analytical challenges and lack standardization, we established a versatile analysis pipeline focused on their profitable particularities: considering organization (microenvironment), interactions (signaling), and function (higher order structures) across scales. Specifically, we resolve

Indexed as

Palatine TonsilTranscriptomeGene Expression ProfilingHumansSignal TransductionSingle-Cell AnalysisSingle-Cell Gene Expression AnalysisSpatial Transcriptomicsbioinformaticshuman tonsilimaging‐based spatial transcriptomicssecondary lymphoid organspatial immunology

Identifiers

PMID41518352
PMCPMC12790319

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.