ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Selected Extinguishing Agents for Extinguishing Li-Ion Batteries and for Capturing Selected Contaminants.
Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
The production and use of Li-ion batteries (LIBs) is steadily increasing each year, leading to a growing number of battery-powered products. Consequently, the number of chemical hazards associated with the operation and other stages of the life cycle of this type of cell is increasing as well. Therefore, this study examined the impact of selected extinguishing agents for extinguishing Li-ion battery fires-namely, a dedicated extinguishing granulate, a natural sorbent (exfoliated vermiculite), and quartz sand-on the level of heat and released substances. The study determined the emission of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) into the air during a cell fire, the concentration of the inhalable aerosol fraction, and the concentration of hazardous substances in the extinguishing agent residue. The analysis concluded that quartz sand provides the most effective heat removal and insulation of the battery from the external environment, which also reduces the amount of pollutants released into the environment.
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