ArticlePlants (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Effects of Maize Straw Incorporation on Soil Water-Soluble Organic Carbon Fluorescence Characteristics.
Article in Plants (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Farmland soil water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), serving as a labile carbon substrate for microbial utilization, demonstrates pronounced sensitivity to land-use modifications and agricultural management practices. This study systematically investigated the impacts of long-term straw incorporation frequencies-including annual (S-1), biennial (S-2), and triennial (S-3) return patterns-on WSOC distribution across 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil profiles. Through the integration of three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), we elucidated structural characteristics and humification dynamics associated with different incorporation regimes. The results showed a depth-dependent WSOC distribution pattern with higher concentrations in surface soils (0-20 cm: 261.2-368.9 mg/kg) compared to subsurface layers (20-40 cm: 261.8-294 mg/kg). Straw incorporation significantly increased WSOC content in the 0-20 cm of 16.9%~21.7% and 20-40 cm soil layers of 6.2%~12.3%. Biennial return had the lowest WSOC/SOC ratio, indicating enhanced stability of the soil organic carbon pool. Spectral indices-including the fluorescence index (FI, 1.59~1.69), biological index (BIX, 0.90~0.95), and humification index (HIX, 0.64~0.74)-collectively indicated that WSOC predominantly consisted of microbially processed organic matter with a low degree of humification. PARAFAC modeling resolved two fluorescent components: C1 (humic acid-like substances, 47.4-50.4%), C2 (soluble microbial metabolites, 49.6-52.6%). This systematic investigation provides mechanistic insights into how straw management temporality regulates both quantity and quality of labile carbon pools in agricultural ecosystems.
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