Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41514345›Full record

ArticleAntimicrobial resistance and infection control2026

High efficiency of 70% isopropanol in reducing microbial contamination on healthcare workers' smartphone surfaces: a pre-post study in Peru.

Elizabeth Torres-Lévano, Jeel Moya-Salazar, Jair Li, Michelle Lozada-Urbano, Jaime Rosales-Rimache

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Elizabeth Torres-LévanoEscuela de Tecnología Médica, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima, Perú.ORCID 0009-0006-6248-5797
Jeel Moya-SalazarGRINA, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Señor de Sipan, Chiclayo, Peru.ORCID 0000-0002-7357-4940
Jair LiFacultad de Tecnología Médica, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Perú.ORCID 0009-0009-9481-2491
Michelle Lozada-UrbanoUniversidad Privada Norbert Wiener, Lima, Perú.ORCID 0000-0001-7522-1500
Jaime Rosales-RimacheUniversidad Científica del Sur, Carrera de Medicina, Antigua Panamericana Sur Km. 19, Lima, 15067, Perú. jrosalesr@cientifica.edu.pe.ORCID 0000-0002-1665-2332

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPoor cleaning practices for healthcare workers' mobile phones can promote microbial contamination, posing a latent risk of infections for patients. Despite widespread mobile phone use in healthcare environments, evidence on the effectiveness of disinfection methods in low and middle-income countries remains limited.

objectiveTo evaluate the disinfectant capacity of 70% isopropanol on the surface of healthcare workers' smartphones in a Peruvian hospital in 2023.

methodsWe designed a pre-post study to collect demographic, occupational, and phone usage information, along with microbiological culture analysis results before and after cleaning with 70% isopropanol.

resultsWe evaluated 178 mobile phones from healthcare workers, 90.5% (95%CI: 85.1-94.0%) of which showed microbiological contamination. The most frequently isolated microorganism was Staphylococcus aureus (41.0%), followed by Enterococcus sp. (14.9%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (9.9%). Antibiogram analysis revealed high resistance rates to ampicillin. No factors were associated with microbial contamination on phones. A significant reduction in microbiological contamination was observed (90.4% to 14.0%, p < 0.001) after cleaning with 70% isopropanol. Colony counts significantly decreased from 73.4 ± 31.8 CFU/cm

conclusionThe disinfectant capacity of 70% isopropanol on healthcare workers' smartphone surfaces is highly effective, resulting in an approximately fivefold reduction in contamination rates.

Indexed as

2-PropanolDisinfectantsDisinfectionEquipment ContaminationHealth PersonnelSmartphoneBacteriaEnterococcusHumansPeruStaphylococcus aureusStaphylococcus epidermidis2-PropanolDisinfectantsHealthcare workerIsopropanolMicrobial contaminationSmartphone

Identifiers

PMID41514345
PMCPMC12895857

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.