Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41514300›Full record

ArticleBMC veterinary research2026

Rehabilitating wild birds of prey following ocular trauma - should foveal assessment include spectral-domain optical coherence tomography?

A K Shukla, M L Velasco Gallego, A Lavaud, J M Hatt, S A Pot

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Article in BMC veterinary research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

A K ShuklaOphthalmology Section, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. ashukladvm@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-7727-3346
M L Velasco GallegoExotic Doc, Veterinary Service for Exotic Pets, Valladolid, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1621-4607
A LavaudVetOptic, Chemin des Boveresses 166, Epalinges, 1066, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7415-0584
J M HattClinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets and Wildlife, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7043-7430
S A PotOphthalmology Section, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8782-7144

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe fovea is an area of increased cone density in the avian retina and provides a high level of visual acuity. Damage to the fovea may negatively impact survival of birds of prey in the wild. The goal of this prospective, descriptive study was to determine whether spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) imaging results influenced the prognosis for vision prior to release in wild birds of prey following ocular trauma. The birds were manually restrained and underwent a complete ophthalmic examination including SD-OCT imaging. Diagnosis, prognosis for vision, and treatment recommendations were decided twice – immediately following clinical examination, and again following SD-OCT examination. Changes to prognosis and treatment recommendations following SD-OCT examination were noted.

resultsThirty-seven diurnal and nocturnal wild birds of prey were evaluated. SD-OCT confirmed the prognosis for vision as determined by clinical examination in the majority of cases (22/37), and offered superior lesion evaluation in cases with retinal pathology. In 12/37 birds SD-OCT examination altered the prognosis, leading to a change in treatment recommendation for one bird.

conclusionsSD-OCT examination provided a detailed, and often superior assessment of foveal anatomy and pathology in awake birds of prey, versus a standard ophthalmic examination with fundus photography alone. Combining ophthalmic examination and SD-OCT findings may allow clinicians to make better informed decisions regarding rehabilitation, and subsequent release of traumatized wild birds of prey, especially if foveal damage is suspected. SD-OCT examination does not seem indicated for birds without ocular abnormalities on ophthalmic examination and fundus photograph evaluation.

Indexed as

Eye InjuriesFovea CentralisRaptorsTomography, Optical CoherenceAnimalsAnimals, WildFemaleMaleProspective StudiesBird of preyFoveaOcular traumaOptical coherence tomographyPrognosisSD-OCT

Identifiers

PMID41514300
PMCPMC13020139

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.