Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41513425›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of spine surgery2026

Prone Endoscopic Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion: Operative Technique and Functional Outcomes in 35 Patients.

Ricardo Casal Grau, Patrick S Barhouse, Rohaid Ali, José Luis Tomé Delgado, Francisco Javier Sanchez Benitez de Soto, Christian Schroeder, Albert E Telfeian

Abstract read
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Article in International journal of spine surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ricardo Casal GrauCasal Dots Surgical Group & Asepeyo Traumatology and Rehabilitation Monographic Hospital, Coslada, Madrid, Spain.
Patrick S BarhouseDepartment of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA patrick_barhouse@brown.edu.
Rohaid AliDepartment of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
José Luis Tomé DelgadoCasal Dots Surgical Group & Asepeyo Traumatology and Rehabilitation Monographic Hospital, Coslada, Madrid, Spain.
Francisco Javier Sanchez Benitez de SotoCasal Dots Surgical Group & Asepeyo Traumatology and Rehabilitation Monographic Hospital, Coslada, Madrid, Spain.
Christian SchroederDepartment of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Albert E TelfeianDepartment of Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLateral lumbar interbody fusion is a widely used technique to address degenerative lumbar conditions but can be associated with injury to the psoas, lumbar plexus, and abdominal wall owing to retractor usage. We describe a minimally invasive endoscopic lateral lumbar interbody fusion (ELLIF) procedure that aims to reduce these complications by avoiding prolonged muscle retraction, preparing the disc space under direct endoscopic vision, and shortening the surgical time.

methodsBetween 2019 and 2024, 35 patients underwent ELLIF at a single center. Discectomy, endplate preparation, and iliac crest harvest were done via a working-channel endoscope without expandable retractors. Neurophysiological monitoring was used to minimize nerve injury. Outcomes included complications, visual analog scale scores for pain, and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI).

resultsOf the 35 patients (mean age 60 years), 26 had preoperative radicular pain and 9 had neurological deficits. Six minor complications occurred in 4 patients (11.4%), all managed conservatively without permanent deficits. No patients developed new radiculopathy or paresis, and there were no infections or reoperations. ODI improved by 57% at 1 month and by 88% at 1 year (both CLINICAL RELEVANCE: We present a minimally invasive, ELLIF, and decompression technique that provides patients with minimal complications and excellent functional recovery.

conclusionELLIF offers a safe, minimally invasive alternative for patients with lumbar degenerative disease. This technique minimizes direct retraction on the psoas and lumbar plexus, resulting in a low complication rate and substantial functional recovery at short- and medium-term follow-up. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4:

Indexed as

decompressionendoscopiclateral lumbar interbody fusionminimally invasive

Identifiers

PMID41513425
PMCPMC13036459

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.