ArticleBMJ open2026
Demographic and occupational factors associated with work-life balance among physician assistants/associates: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMJ open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Leadership Roles Among Physician Assistants/Associates: A 2024 National Cross-Sectional Analysis of Demographic and Occupational Characteristics.Journal of healthcare leadership · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo examine demographic and occupational attributes associated with work-life balance (WLB) satisfaction among physician assistants/associates (PAs) using a national dataset.
designThis is a cross-sectional study using 2023 national data.
settingUSA.
participantsThe study included 149 909 board certified PAs who updated, confirmed or verified their profile questions.
methodsDescriptive and bivariate statistics, followed by multivariate logistic regression, were conducted to identify factors associated with WLB satisfaction among PAs. The primary outcome was a binary variable derived from a 7-point scale assessing PAs' satisfaction with WLB. Responses of 'Somewhat', 'Mostly' and 'Completely' satisfied were coded as '
resultsOver two-thirds (71.7%) of PAs indicated satisfaction with WLB. The multivariate logistic regression revealed that the types of specialties that PAs practised were among the strongest factors associated with WLB satisfaction. Compared with PAs in primary care, those practising in dermatology (adjusted OR (aOR)=1.83; 95% CI 1.66 to 2.02), general surgery (aOR=1.64; 95% CI 1.48 to 1.83), pain medicine (aOR=1.63; 95% CI 1.41 to 1.89) and hospital medicine (aOR=1.52; 95% CI 1.37 to 1.68) had higher odds of being satisfied with WLB (all p<0.001). Moreover, compared with females, male PAs indicated nearly 25% higher odds of being satisfied with WLB (p<0.001). Lower odds of WLB satisfaction were observed among PAs with any education debt, those seeing more than 40 patients weekly, those working over 40 hours a week, and PAs in their mid- and late-career stages.
conclusionsOur findings revealed that PAs practising in non-primary care specialties had the highest odds of reporting satisfaction with WLB. Identifying factors strongly associated with PA work-life balance can aid in developing targeted interventions. However, further research is needed to understand the intrinsic and extrinsic factors influencing PAs' WLB.
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