ArticleJournal of animal science2026
Comparative analysis of the organization and complexity of immunoglobulin light chain loci in equids.
Article in Journal of animal science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study investigated three donkey breeds-Guanzhong, Jiami, and Northern Shaanxi-to characterize the structural organization and diversification mechanisms of the immunoglobulin light-chain (IgL) loci and to conduct both intra-breed and interspecies comparisons with horses. The donkey IGλ locus is located on chromosome 8 and arranged in a Vλ-(Jλ-Cλ)-Vλ configuration. It contains 7 Cλ genes, each preceded by a corresponding Jλ gene to form a Jλ-Cλ cluster. Upstream of this cluster, 156 Vλ genes were identified, including 29 potential functional genes; downstream, 98 Vλ genes were detected, of which 22 were potentially functional. The IGκ locus resides on chromosome 6 and exhibits a Vκ-Jκ-Cκ structure, comprising one Cκ gene, 5 Jκ genes, and 72 Vκ segments, including 22 potential functional Vκ genes. Expression profiling revealed clear light-chain usage preferences in donkeys. For the λ-chain, Vλ72, Vλ135, Vλ150, Vλ190, and Vλ196-mainly belonging to the IGLV1 and IGLV3 subgroups-were preferentially utilized. For the κ-chain, Vκ67 and Vκ71 were dominantly expressed, highlighting the prominent role of the IGκV4 subgroup. Horses showed a similar pattern, with strong biases toward the IGLV1, IGLV3, and IGκV4 subgroups. Although breed-specific differences were observed in certain IGL expression profiles (e.g. V-J combinations), these variations were largely restricted to the λ-chain and involved low-frequency genes. Thus, highly utilized genes and subgroups exhibit high conservation among donkey breeds. This study is the first to comprehensively elucidate the structure and expression preferences of the donkey IgL locus, laying a solid foundation for the development of donkey-derived antibody resources.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.