Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41511689›Full record

ReviewMolecular diversity2026

Advances in 1,3,4-thiadiazole-based cholinesterase inhibitors: toward novel therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease.

Moksh Shah, Kripa Patel, Utkarsha Kulkarni, Mange Ram Yadav, Ashish Patel, Afzal Nagani

Abstract readReview
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In one paragraph

Review in Molecular diversity, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Moksh ShahParul Institute of Pharmacy, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
Kripa PatelParul Institute of Pharmacy, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
Utkarsha KulkarniParul Institute of Pharmacy, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
Mange Ram YadavResearch and Development Cell, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
Ashish PatelParul Institute of Pharmacy, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
Afzal NaganiParul Institute of Pharmacy, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India. afzal.nagani@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder in which cholinergic dysfunction plays a central role. Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase remains a validated therapeutic approach for managing AD symptoms. Over the past decade (2015-2025), 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives have gained considerable attention as promising scaffolds for cholinesterase inhibition owing to their favorable electronic configuration, hydrogen-bonding potential, and metabolic stability. This review comprehensively analyzes recent progress in the synthesis and biological evaluation of 1,3,4-thiadiazole-based cholinesterase inhibitors, with an emphasis on structure-activity relationship trends supported by molecular docking insights. Substitution with electron-withdrawing or heteroaryl groups has been found to enhance the binding affinity toward AChE and BuChE, while some derivatives also exhibit activity against carbonic anhydrase, α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and antioxidant systems, reflecting scaffold versatility. This review further highlights the docking interactions with catalytic residues that validate the observed experimental potency. Finally, key limitations and future directions are discussed, emphasizing rational structure modification, computationally guided design, and green synthetic approaches to develop brain-penetrant and pharmacologically optimized 1,3,4-thiadiazole-based anti-Alzheimer's agents.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseCholinesterase InhibitorsThiadiazolesAnimalsHumansMolecular Docking SimulationStructure-Activity Relationship1,3,4-thiadiazoleCholinesterase InhibitorsThiadiazoles1,3,4-ThiadiazoleAnti-Alzheimer’s agentsSAR

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.