ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2026
Seizure characteristics and neurological outcomes in pediatric anti-NMDAR encephalitis: a cohort study from Southern China.
Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThis study aimed to investigate seizure characteristics, treatment and outcome of pediatric anti-NMDAR encephalitis in southern China.
methodsClinical data of pediatric patients diagnosed with anti-NMDAR encephalitis were were retrospectively analyzed. Neurological disability and seizure severity were assessed using the mRS score and NHS3 scale, respectively.
resultsAmong 119 children with anti-NMDAR encephalitis, 74.8% (89/119) presented with seizures, with SE in 19.3% (23/119). The relapse rate was significantly higher in patients with seizures during the acute stage (19.1%, 17/89) compared to those without seizures (3.3%, 1/30) (P = 0.041). The mean NHS3 score for seizures during the acute stage was 7.9 ± 0.9. Patients with > 3 seizure episodes had higher mRS pre-immunotherapy, required longer hospital stays and received more courses of intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) or intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) courses and were more likely to require Rituximab. EEG abnormalities were observed, including background slowing in all cases, epileptic discharges (37.0%), and extreme delta brush in 8.4%. 53.9% (48/89) of patients with seizure received anti-seizure medications (ASMs), 72.9% (35/48) of whom were treated with monotherapy. Seizure remission was achieved in 95.8% (46/48) within one year; 25.0% (12/48) discontinued ASMs after a median of 6.0 months (IQR 3.5, 15.0 months) without seizure recurrence, while 75.0% (36/48) continued ASMs at the last follow-up, with 5.6% (2/36) still experiencing seizures despite CSF anti-NMDAR antibodies turned negative. Patients with status epilepticus (SE) had longer diagnostic delays and higher pre-immunotherapy mRS scores, required more IVIG courses, but showed a similar prognosis compared with non-SE patients.
conclusionSeizures are common in pediatric anti-NMDAR encephalitis; patients with more than three seizure episodes had higher mRS pre-immunotherapy and required more intensive treatment; Approximately half of the patients required ASMs, with 95.8% achieving remission within one year. The relapse rate was significantly higher in patients with seizures during the acute stage compared to those without seizures. Patients with SE had higher mRS pre-immunotherapy and required more IVIG courses, but their prognosis was similar to that of non-SE patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.