ArticleCureus2025
Encapsulated Papillary Carcinoma of the Male Breast With a Mixed Invasive Component: A Report of a Rare Case.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Male breast carcinoma (MBC) is an uncommon disease, representing only a very small fraction of breast cancer diagnoses. Encapsulated papillary carcinoma (EPC), a distinct subtype, is even more uncommon in men. EPC may coexist with invasive components, requiring careful evaluation to differentiate it from benign papillary proliferations and metastatic malignancies. A 69-year-old man presented with a painless breast mass. Mammography revealed a well-circumscribed, partially cystic lesion. Left mastectomy with axillary sampling was performed. Histology showed EPC with a mixed invasive component composed of invasive carcinoma of no special type (NST) and invasive papillary carcinoma, measuring 23 mm. The tumor was estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, progesterone receptor (PR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-low, with a Ki-67 proliferation index of 25%. All six lymph nodes were negative for metastasis (pT2N0). The differential diagnosis of EPC in men includes gynecomastia, benign papillary lesions, solid papillary carcinoma, invasive papillary carcinoma, and metastases from prostate, thyroid, or gastrointestinal carcinomas. Accurate diagnosis requires integration of histology, myoepithelial markers, and site-specific immunohistochemistry. Treatment principles for MBC mirror those of female breast cancer and include mastectomy, endocrine therapy (tamoxifen), radiotherapy, and systemic therapy as indicated. Genetic counseling is recommended due to the high prevalence of germline mutations. This case highlights the rarity of EPC with a mixed invasive component in men and underscores the importance of comprehensive morphologic and immunophenotypic evaluation. Increased reporting of such cases will improve understanding and management of male breast malignancies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.