ReviewCureus2025
Clinical Outcomes of Nonsurgical Retreatment in Teeth With Persistent Apical Periodontitis: A Systematic Review.
Review in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Three-Year Apical Outcomes in Teeth with Apical Periodontitis Following Primary Endodontic Treatment or Nonsurgical Retreatment: A Retrospective Clinical Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Persistent apical periodontitis is a common cause of endodontic failure. While nonsurgical retreatment (NS-ReTx) is the typical first-line option used to manage this condition, its reported success varies depending on clinical, radiographic, and methodological factors despite recent advances that improve case management. This systematic review aimed to assess the clinical and radiographic outcomes of NS-ReTx in teeth with persistent apical periodontitis. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines, the databases of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Scopus, Web of Science, and grey literature were searched for randomized and non-randomized clinical studies and case series involving ≥10 teeth reporting outcomes after orthograde retreatment from January 1988 to September 2025. The primary outcome was periapical healing assessed through radiography and/or cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and secondary outcomes were tooth survival and prognostic factors. Risk of bias was appraised using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 (RoB 2) tool, ROBINS-I, or the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, as appropriate, and findings were synthesized narratively due to heterogeneity in outcome definitions, imaging modalities, and follow-up intervals. Thirty studies, comprising randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohorts, met the inclusion criteria. Across these studies, reports using strict radiographic criteria or CBCT generally described lower apparent healing rates than those using looser criteria and 2D radiographs, although the magnitude of this difference could not be reliably quantified across studies. Additionally, a favorable prognosis was consistently associated with the absence of preoperative lesions, smaller lesion sizes, adequate obturation and coronal seals, and specialist operators. Overall, NS-ReTx provides favorable outcomes for persistent apical periodontitis. Future research should standardize outcome definitions using validated frameworks (such as periapical index (PAI)-based radiographic criteria and CBCT-specific scoring systems) and adopt longer, more uniform follow-up periods to enable robust quantitative synthesis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.