ArticleO&G open2026
Barriers and Facilitators to Expanding User-Administered Injectable Contraceptives in the United States.
Article in O&G open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo identify facilitators and barriers to prescribing subcutaneous depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) for user administration.
methodsThis mixed-methods study comprised surveys (N=422) and interviews (N=34) with family planning experts, defined as health care professionals who see at least three contraceptive visits a month, regarding their awareness, knowledge, and practice of prescribing subcutaneous DMPA for user administration.
resultsWe found that 74.5% of professionals reported awareness of subcutaneous DMPA for user administration, but only 34.8% actively prescribed it. Professionals who completed a fellowship in reproductive health, specialized in obstetrics and gynecology, saw a higher number of visits for contraception in a setting with a larger number of pregnancy-potential patients, or worked at a clinic with Title X funding, Planned Parenthood, or a freestanding clinic were more likely to be aware of subcutaneous DMPA for user administration. Negative predictors of awareness included internal medicine specialization, working in a pharmacy, and having a fewer number of contraception options available. Significant predictors for prescribing subcutaneous DMPA if aware of the option include being gender diverse or male, having access to subcutaneous DMPA-specific clinical workflows, and having state Medicaid and private insurance coverage for subcutaneous DMPA. Negative predictors for prescribing if aware include living in a state with abortion restrictions.
conclusionOur data among experts in contraceptive care highlight that awareness is associated by professional- and institutional-level factors and barriers between awareness of subcutaneous DMPA for user administration and provision that are primarily institutional and systemic. Facilitators for awareness and provision of subcutaneous DMPA for self-administration span multiple domains, including professional's perceived patient barriers, professional demographics, institutional challenges, and government policies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.