ArticleJournal of pharmaceutical policy and practice2026
Young pharmacists as tomorrow's decision-makers: tool validation and perceptions of pharmaceutical policymaking in Lebanon.
Article in Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Understanding the mediating role of pharmaceutical policymaking attitudes between personal attributes and public service motivation.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The perception of pharmacy policymaking among early-career pharmacists is crucial for developing and advancing the profession. This study aimed to construct and validate a new tool, the Pharmaceutical Policymaking Perception Scale (PPPS), and assess pharmacy students' and graduates' perceptions of pharmaceutical policymaking in Lebanon. Methods: A standardized questionnaire was disseminated through electronic platforms. It included sociodemographic characteristics, education-related variables, and scales measuring leadership, general self-efficacy, strategic thinking, and public service motivation. The validity of the newly developed PPPS was confirmed, and concepts were linked through multivariate analyses. Results: The PPPS tool exhibited excellent psychometric properties, with its items loading on two factors representing the positive and negative perceptions of pharmaceutical policymaking. The scale demonstrated excellent reliability as well as robust content, construct, structural, and concurrent validity. Only 4% of participants scored above 70, indicating relatively low perceptions of pharmaceutical policymaking in Lebanon. Higher PPPS scores were associated with higher self-efficacy and strategic thinking, while lower scores were linked to reduced public service motivation. No association was found between PPPS and leadership. Conclusion: The novel PPPS scale offers valuable insights into pharmacists' views, enabling a more comprehensive assessment of policymaking perceptions. The potential disconnection between the studied concepts raises concerns. Further research is recommended to confirm these findings, and urgent action by educators and policymakers is essential to effectively engage with early-career pharmacists and enhance their motivation to serve the profession in challenging circumstances.
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Registered trials
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