ArticleThe archives of bone and joint surgery2025
Reliability of Image J. Software to Evaluate the Craniovertebral Angle in Participants with and without Neck Pain.
Article in The archives of bone and joint surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: Forward head posture (FHP) is one of the most common postural disorders affecting the head and neck region, typically assessed by measuring the craniovertebral angle (CVA). Selecting an appropriate tool for quantifying this angle is crucial. The primary aim of the present study was to evaluate the reliability of ImageJ software in assessing the CVA in participants with and without neck pain. Methods: The study included twenty participants with neck pain and twenty without. Reflective markers were placed on the tragus of the ear and the spinous process of C7. Three lateral images were captured from the dominant side while the participants were seated, with measurements taken at two-hour and one-week intervals. The craniovertebral angle (CVA) was then analyzed using ImageJ software. Results: The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) values for both within-day and between-day reliability in both groups ranged from 0.89 to 0.94. The Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) ranged from 0.92° to 1.02°, while the Minimal Detectable Change (MDC) values ranged from 2.56° to 2.84°. Furthermore, the absolute Technical Error of Measurement (TEM) ranged from 0.91° to 1.06°, and the relative TEM (rTEM) ranged from 2.13% to 2.42%. Conclusion: ImageJ software appears to be a suitable tool for assessing the craniovertebral angle (CVA) in individuals with or without neck pain, demonstrating good to excellent reliability.
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