SynthesisJournal of cosmetic dermatology2026
Cosmetic Botulinum Toxin A Injections to the Upper Face: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Studies.
Synthesis in Journal of cosmetic dermatology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Cosmetic Botulinum Toxin A Injections to the Upper Face: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Studies.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2026Pooled it
- Non-Surgical Ear Rejuvenation Through Selective Neuromodulation with Onabotulinum and Abobotulinum Toxin-A.Toxins · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBotulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) is widely recognized as the leading nonsurgical cosmetic treatment worldwide for diminishing dynamic wrinkles in the glabellar, forehead, and periorbital areas. While BoNT-A is widely acknowledged for its effectiveness and popularity, there are notable inconsistencies in results, methodologies, and safety reporting across clinical studies, highlighting the necessity for the careful development of strong, evidence-driven guidelines.
objectivesThis study aimed to compile and evaluate data from clinical research focusing on upper-face BoNT-A injections, specifically regarding safety outcomes, effectiveness, patient satisfaction, and response rates. This investigation concentrated on the outcomes of the clinical trials conducted.
methodsThis analysis includes prospective cohorts, randomized controlled trials, and observational studies that report on BoNT-A cosmetic treatments specifically in the upper face area. A thorough examination of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science studies was conducted, covering literature up to May 2025. The assessment included response rates, levels of patient satisfaction, and the extent of wrinkle reduction. The analysis employed a random-effects model to produce combined estimates, followed by an assessment of heterogeneity utilizing τ
resultsAfter the administration of BoNT-A therapy, a notable decrease in the severity ratings of wrinkles was observed, as indicated by the synthesis of ten clinical trials examining this aspect (Cohen's d = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.60-2.25; p = 0.001). However, the data also revealed a considerable degree of variability (I
conclusionsBoNT-A injections contribute to a decrease in wrinkle severity and improve clinical results for rejuvenating the upper face. Research indicates notable variability and susceptibility to bias regarding patient satisfaction and response rates. The findings emphasize the necessity for subgroup analyses, enhanced reporting methodologies, and uniform outcome evaluations to identify factors contributing to variability in responses to BoNT-A therapy.
trial registrationThis study was conducted in accordance with PROSPERO guidelines.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.