Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41508021›Full record

ArticleTropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines2026

Food safety regulations and surveillance in Bangkok, Thailand - with 5-year real world data.

Narissara Techavachara, Tammatat Veeramanomai, Watcharapong Piyaphanee, Lin H Chen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Narissara TechavacharaThai Travel Clinic, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
Tammatat VeeramanomaiThai Travel Clinic, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
Watcharapong PiyaphaneeThai Travel Clinic, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand. watcharapong.piy@mahidol.ac.th.
Lin H ChenDivision of Infectious Diseases, Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFood tourism is one of the major attractions in Thailand. Food safety plays an important role in ensuring the confidence and health of both travelers and locals. The regulations, real-world surveillance data, and foodborne outbreak reports in Thailand have not been previously compiled and summarized. This study aimed to describe food safety rules and regulations in Thailand and present real-world data encompassing five years, 2019–2024.

methodsData are obtained on food safety surveillance conducted by the Food Sanitation Division under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA) for 2019–2023, and outbreak reports in Bangkok from the Institute for Urban Disease Control (IUDC) for 2019–2024. Descriptive analyses are performed and compared to available studies on travelers’ diarrhea in visitors to Thailand.

resultsDuring 2019–2023, 98% of food samples in Bangkok passed biological testing. Among contaminated samples, the most common pathogen found was E. coli (12.40% – 15.79%). When analyzing samples from street food vendors alone, 10/44 samples and 6/31 samples were found to be contaminated in 2022 and 2023, respectively. E. coli was identified in 9/10 contaminated samples in 2022 and 4/6 in 2023. Foods most likely to be contaminated were Thai desserts and raw seafood. During the same period, 22 diarrhea outbreaks were reported by the IUDC.

conclusionsAs a popular destination for culinary tourism, travelers’ diarrhea remains one of the most common conditions discussed during pre-travel consultations for Thailand. This review demonstrates Thailand’s governmental efforts in enforcing food safety regulations and surveillance. The findings help inform travel medicine practitioners worldwide about travelers’ diarrhea in Thailand.

Indexed as

Food safetyRegulationsStreet foodSurveillanceThailand

Identifiers

PMID41508021
PMCPMC12882409

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.