ReviewDiabetology & metabolic syndrome2026
Prevalence and risk factors of metabolic syndrome in survivors of childhood acute leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Review in Diabetology & metabolic syndrome, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Concomitant Diagnosis of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Child: Report of a Rare Case.Cureus · 2026Article
- Association of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Hypovitaminosis D with Reduced Bone Mineral Density in Survivors of Childhood Leukemia: A Study in Algerian Patients.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and has also been associated with malignancies including leukemia. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its core components, as well as identify associated risk factors among survivors of childhood acute leukemia (AL) in order to improve their life quality for the long run.
methodsWe searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and CBM databases from inception to October 2024. After screening, the literature quality was assessed, and data were extracted for systematic review and meta-analysis using R software.
resultsBy October 2024, 19 studies including 3,313 childhood AL survivors were analyzed. The prevalence of MetS among these survivors ranged from 0 to 57.9%, with a pooled estimate of 13% (95% CI: 10–18%). The pooled prevalence of the core components of MetS was as follows: central obesity, 18% (95% CI: 12–29%); high triglycerides (TGs), 15% (95% CI: 4–32%); low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), 3% (95% CI: 0–9%); hypertension, 19% (95% CI: 13–27%); and high fasting blood glucose (FBG), 23% (95% CI: 10–39%). Five studies evaluated cranial radiation therapy (CRT) as a risk factor for MetS, with three case–control studies showed a borderline non-significant association (OR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.00–3.20, P = 0.050), while cohort studies identified it as a significant risk factor (RR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.22–2.41, P = 0.002). Overweight/obesity was consistently reported as a significant risk factor for MetS in multivariate analysis from two studies, while gender and age at diagnosis showed no significant associations.
conclusionsChildhood AL survivors face a substantially elevated burden of MetS. Regular monitoring for MetS is crucial, particularly for survivors who once received CRT or are overweight/obese at follow-up.
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