Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41507939›Full record

ArticleBMC oral health2026

In situ onlay bone grafting in the anterior maxilla: a retrospective study comparing two surgical techniques with a mean 42 months follow-up.

Xiaofu Yang, Miao Sun, Cheng Shu, Jingyi Lu, Huihui He, Longju Liu, Erhao Xu, Jun Lin, Mengfei Yu, Huiming Wang

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC oral health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Xiaofu YangSchool of StomatologyZhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesEngineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Stomatology HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineKey Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
Miao SunSchool of StomatologyZhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesEngineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Stomatology HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineKey Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
Cheng ShuSchool of StomatologyZhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesEngineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Stomatology HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineKey Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
Jingyi LuSchool of StomatologyZhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesEngineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Stomatology HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineKey Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
Huihui HeSchool of StomatologyZhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesEngineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Stomatology HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineKey Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
Longju LiuSchool of StomatologyZhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesEngineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Stomatology HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineKey Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
Erhao XuSchool of StomatologyZhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesEngineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Stomatology HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineKey Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
Jun LinDepartment of Orthodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China. junlin2@vip.126.com.
Mengfei YuSchool of StomatologyZhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesEngineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Stomatology HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineKey Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China. yumengfei@zju.edu.cn.
Huiming WangSchool of StomatologyZhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesEngineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Stomatology HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineKey Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China. whmwhm@zju.edu.cn.

Funding

Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Zhejiang Province No. 2024ZY01033Foundation of Zhejiang University 2022QZJH55Medical Technology and Education of Zhejiang Province of China 2018KY501National Key Research and Development Program of China 2018YFA0703000National Natural Science Foundation of China 82122014, 82071085, 82020108011the "Pioneer" and "Leading Goose" R&D Program of Zhejiang 2025C02101Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China LR21H140001, LQ22C100003, LY22H060007
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAutologous bone grafting is considered as "gold standard" in the alveolar ridge augmentation techniques. In situ onlay grafting uses grafts adjacent to edentulous sites without a separate donor site. Several studies have revealed the satisfactory short-term performance of this less invasive modified technique, but no information is available of stability of alveolar ridge reconstructed by in situ onlay grafting and implant performance after occlusal loading in a mid-term follow-up. This study is to retrospectively evaluate the radiographic and patient reported outcomes (PROMs) of a modified onlay grafting technique and the subsequent implantation in anterior maxilla using in situ grafts without a second bone harvesting region.

methodsA total of 83 patients contributed 119 edentulous deficiency sites, and 104 implants were placed in anterior maxilla. 44 patients received in situ onlay grafting using subnasal grafts and 39 patients received ex situ onlay grafting using mandibular symphysis grafts. Alveolar ridge height and multileveled widths were assessed using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) prior grafting and at five subsequent time points. Clinical parameters and PROMs were evaluated with a visual analog scale (VAS) during the follow-up. Approximately 6 months after onlay grafting, dental implants were placed followed by fixed prosthetic rehabilitation. Implant survival and success rates were assessed with a mean follow-up of 42.90 months.

resultsThe horizontal bone resorption at cervical level after 1-year occlusal loading of in situ group (1.73% ± 1.29%) was lower than that of ex situ (3.85% ± 1.50%) group (P = 0.04). No other significant difference regarding bone resorption was found. The patient reported pain scores at 7 days after surgery of in situ group (2.43 ± 1.17) was lower than that of ex situ group (3.47 ± 2.08, P = 0.02). No implant loss was observed. The implant success rates were 96.36% in in-situ group and 97.96% in ex-situ group.

conclusionsWithin the limitations of the present retrospective study, the findings suggest that in situ onlay grafting may be a promising approach for reconstructing the anterior maxillary alveolar ridge and facilitating subsequent implant placement. These preliminary results are hypothesis-generating and warrant further validation through prospective, long-term investigations.

trial registrationThis study was retrospectively registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration number: ChiCTR2400083954, Registration date: 2024-05-08).

Indexed as

Alveolar Ridge AugmentationBone TransplantationMaxillaAdultAgedAtrophic MaxillaCone-Beam Computed TomographyDental Implantation, EndosseousFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeAlveolar ridge augmentationAutogenous onlay graftingCone-beam computed tomographyMaxillary esthetic zoneSurvival rates

Identifiers

PMID41507939
PMCPMC12870233

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.