Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41507667›Full record

ReviewNano-micro letters2026

A Comprehensive Review of the Functionalized Integrated Application of Gel Polymer Electrolytes in Electrochromic Devices.

Lei Xu, Leipeng Zhang, Dongqi Liu, Zichen Ren, Wenchao Liu, Yike Zhang, Yuqiang Wang, Jiawu Sun, Rui Yang, Zekuo Lv and 2 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Nano-micro letters, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Lei XuSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
Leipeng ZhangCenter for Composite Materials and Structure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China. leipengzhang@hit.edu.cn.
Dongqi LiuCenter for Composite Materials and Structure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
Zichen RenSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
Wenchao LiuSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
Yike ZhangCenter for Composite Materials and Structure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
Yuqiang WangCenter for Composite Materials and Structure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
Jiawu SunSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
Rui YangCenter for Composite Materials and Structure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
Zekuo LvCenter for Composite Materials and Structure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
Jiupeng ZhaoSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China. jpzhao@hit.edu.cn.
Yao LiCenter for Composite Materials and Structure, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China. yaoli@hit.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

With the global push for energy conservation and the rapid development of low-power, flexible and wearable optical displays, the demand for electrochromic technology has surged. Gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs), a crucial component of electrochromic devices (ECDs), show great promise in applications. This is attributed to their efficient ion-transport capabilities, excellent mechanical properties and strong adhesion. All of these characteristics are conducive to enhancing the safety of the devices, streamlining the packaging process, significantly improving the electrochromic performance of ECDs and boosting their commercial application potential. This review provides a comprehensive overview of GPEs for ECDs, focusing on their basic designs, functional modifications and practical applications. Firstly, this review outlines the fundamental design of GPEs for ECDs, encompassing key performance index, classification, gelation mechanism and preparation methods. Building on this foundation, it provides an in-depth discussion of functionalized GPEs developed to enhance device performance or expand functionality, including electrochromic, temperature-responsive, photo-responsive and stretchable self-healing GPE. Furthermore, the integration of GPEs into various ECD applications, including smart windows, displays, energy storage devices and wearable electronic, are summarized to highlight the advantages that the design of GPEs brings to the practical application of ECDs. Finally, based on the summary of GPEs employed for ECDs, the challenges and development expectations in this direction were indicated.

Indexed as

Electrochromic devicesGel polymer electrolytesMultifunctional gelsPolymer designs

Identifiers

PMID41507667
PMCPMC12783498

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.