Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41507662›Full record

ArticleAAPS PharmSciTech2026

Meloxicam Eluting 3D Printed 316L Stainless Steel Implants for Targeted Delivery in Bone Fixation Surgeries.

Manjusha Annaji, Ishwor Poudel, Nur Mita, Chu Zhang, Humaira Yeasmin, Seungjong Lee, Peter Panizzi, Robert D Arnold, Amal Kaddoumi, Nima Shamsaei and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in AAPS PharmSciTech, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Manjusha AnnajiDepartment of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4209-5349
Ishwor PoudelDepartment of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1543-6785
Nur MitaDepartment of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6355-6888
Chu ZhangDepartment of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1625-4489
Humaira YeasminDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Sciences and Mathematics, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-9669-2274
Seungjong LeeDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4920-1554
Peter PanizziDepartment of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0141-8807
Robert D ArnoldDepartment of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6143-3991
Amal KaddoumiDepartment of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9792-7766
Nima ShamsaeiDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0325-7314
Byron FarnumDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Sciences and Mathematics, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9152-1909
Oladiran FasinaDepartment of Biosystems Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-3370-8623
R Jayachandra BabuDepartment of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA. ramapjb@auburn.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0337-2291

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Implant failures in orthopedic surgeries can occur due to inflammation, poor osteointegration, and biofilm formation. The local delivery of anti-inflammatory drugs is one of the potential solutions to address orthopedic implant failures caused by extensive inflammation, poor osteointegration, and biofilm formation. This study utilized a simple spray coating technique to deposit multilayer coatings of the anti-inflammatory drug meloxicam and PLGA on 3D printed 316L stainless steel implants. The implants were evaluated for their drug content, drug-polymer miscibility, static contact angle, corrosion resistance, in vitro release, cell adhesion, cell proliferation, and bacterial adhesion studies. The coatings aimed to improve osteointegration and reduce biofilm formation. The drug release studies demonstrated an initial burst release accompanied by sustained release for more than 30 days. The meloxicam-PLGA coated implants showed higher resistance to pitting corrosion, improved adhesion, and proliferation of human U2OS cells in comparison to uncoated implants. In addition, results from cell cytotoxicity studies confirmed that all the coatings are biocompatible and safe for in vivo application. The meloxicam-PLGA coated implants were also found to have significantly lower bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation compared to uncoated implants for both S. aureus (p < 0.01) and S. pseudintermedius (p < 0.01). The multilayer coatings developed in this study have the potential to improve adhesion at the implant-bone interface and thus might prevent implant rejections in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. Moreover, this method can be applied to other drugs and polymers to address the issues related to implant failure, pain management, and surgical site infections.

Indexed as

MeloxicamStainless SteelBacterial AdhesionBiofilmsCoated Materials, BiocompatibleDrug Delivery SystemsDrug LiberationHumansPolyglycolic AcidPolylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid CopolymerPolymersPrinting, Three-DimensionalProstheses and ImplantsStaphylococcus aureusThiazolesCoated Materials, BiocompatibleMeloxicamPolyglycolic AcidPolylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid CopolymerPolymersStainless SteelThiazoles316L stainless steel3D printingBiofilmInflammationMeloxicam

Identifiers

PMID41507662

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.