ArticleAAPS PharmSciTech2026
Optimization of Ionic Liquid Based NLC for Nose-To-Brain Delivery of Tetrabenazine Hydrochloride.
Article in AAPS PharmSciTech, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) have been researched extensively for nose-to-brain drug delivery but are often constrained by low drug solubility, limited payload, and poor permeability. Herein, we have developed Hybrid NLCs (Liquid lipid replaced with bioionic liquid) to enhance drug solubility, permeability, payload, and nose-to-brain bioavailability of Tetrabenazine hydrochloride (TBZ), a BCS-class IV drug. The formulation and optimization of the Hybrid-NLCs was carried out using a central composite design, followed by loading into an in-situ gel. The optimized TBZ Hybrid-NLCs demonstrated a particle size of 149.84 ± 0.73 nm, PDI 0.33 ± 0.01, zeta potential -38.96 ± 0.09 mV, and % Entrapment efficiency 97.65 ± 0.70%. The % Drug loading of TBZ in Hybrid-NLCs was significantly higher (34.4 ± 0.98%) compared to 28.2 ± 0.54% in conventional or Plain NLCs, reflecting superior drug-loading (p < 0.05). Comparative in-vitro and ex-vivo drug release studies revealed improved TBZ release (74.22 ± 0.20% in-vitro, and 74.73 ± 0.64% ex-vivo) from Hybrid-NLCs, compared to the Plain-NLCs (66.44 ± 0.21% in-vitro and 61.18 ± 0.39% ex-vivo). Intranasal administration of TBZ-loaded-Hybrid-NLC gels in Wistar rats showed C
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