Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41507576›Full record

ArticleNature medicine2026

Immune profiling in a living human recipient of a gene-edited pig kidney.

Guilherme T Ribas, André F Cunha, Jonathan P Avila, Alessia Giarraputo, Leela Morena, Karina Lima, Rodrigo B Gassen, Jia-Yun Chen, Jia-Ren Lin, Sandro Santagata and 10 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Hypoimmune platforms: from rejection to immune evasion and regulatory implications.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2026
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Guilherme T RibasCenter for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9752-4411
André F CunhaInstitut Pasteur de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-2682-701X
Jonathan P AvilaDepartment of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-3958-7094
Alessia GiarraputoDepartment of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Leela MorenaCenter for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Karina LimaCenter for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Rodrigo B GassenCenter for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Jia-Yun ChenLaboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Jia-Ren LinLaboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4702-7705
Sandro SantagataLaboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Department of Systems Biology, Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Claire T AvillachDepartment of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Birgitta A RybackDepartment of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
Martin S LindnerKarius Inc., Redwood City, CA, USA.ORCID 0009-0009-6219-1897
Sivan BercoviciKarius Inc., Redwood City, CA, USA.
Ivy A RosalesDepartment of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0621-3202
Tatsuo KawaiCenter for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6900-4603
Helder I NakayaDepartment of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0001-5297-9108
Robert B ColvinDepartment of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Thiago J BorgesCenter for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. tdejesusborges@mgh.harvard.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-6554-0169
Leonardo V RiellaCenter for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. lriella@mgh.harvard.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-7636-3196

Funding

Role of Siglec-E in Regulating AlloimmunityR01AI143887 · NIAID · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI RIELLA, LEONARDO V. · 2019 to 2023
$2.1M
Advancing technologies for the collection and analysis of high dimensional immunoprofiles and tumor imagesR50CA274277 · NCI · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI Jia-Ren Lin · 2022 to 2026
$879k
CSRD VA 1Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Division of Intramural Research of the NIAID) R01AI143887Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (São Paulo Research Foundation) 2018/14933-2NCI NIH HHS R50 CA274277NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI143887
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Xenotransplantation of gene-edited pig kidneys offers a promising solution to the shortage of kidneys for organ transplantation. We recently performed a gene-edited pig kidney transplantation into a living human recipient with end-stage kidney disease. Here, using transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and multiplexed imaging, we conducted high-dimensional immune profiling in this individual. Despite profound depletion of circulating T cells, early T cell-mediated rejection occurred within 1 week after transplantation, likely driven by subtherapeutic immunosuppression and the presence of residual CD8

Indexed as

Graft RejectionKidneyKidney TransplantationAdaptive ImmunityAnimalsAnimals, Genetically ModifiedCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesGene Expression ProfilingHumansImmunity, InnateProteomicsSwineTransplantation, Heterologous

Identifiers

PMID41507576
PMCPMC12823403

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.