Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41507535›Full record

ReviewNature cancer2026

Immunosuppressive mechanisms and therapeutic interventions shaping glioblastoma immunity.

Pilar M Moreno-Sanchez, Mahsa Rezaeipour, Else Marit Inderberg, Michael Platten, Anna Golebiewska

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Immunotherapy for Glioma: A compartmental framework for resistance and rational combination design.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. CD13 identifies S100A4Biology direct · 2026
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Immune Subtypes and Survival in Patients with Primary Glioma.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026
    Article
  12. Inflammasomes in glioblastoma.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026
    Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Pilar M Moreno-Sanchez *NORLUX Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Luxembourg, Luxembourg.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1479-8039
Mahsa Rezaeipour *NORLUX Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
Else Marit InderbergTranslational Research Unit, Section for Cellular Therapy, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Michael PlattenDepartment of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience (MCTN), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4746-887X
Anna GolebiewskaNORLUX Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Luxembourg, Luxembourg. Anna.Golebiewska@lih.lu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4160-2521

Funding

EC | EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020 | H2020 Euratom (H2020 Euratom Research and Training Programme 2014-2018) ERA-NET TRANSCAN-3 PLASTIG (FNR: INTER/TRANSCAN22/17612718/PLASTIG)EC | EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020 | H2020 Euratom (H2020 Euratom Research and Training Programme 2014-2018) ERA PerMed IPerGlioEC | EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020 | H2020 Priority Excellent Science | H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (H2020 Excellent Science - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions) 'GLIORESOLVE' (grant agreement no. 101073386)Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS (Belgian National Fund for Scientific Research) Télévie-FNRS (ImmoGBM n°7.8505.20/7.6603.22)Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg (National Research Fund) C21/BM/15739125/DIOMEDESFonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg (National Research Fund) PRIDE19/14254520/i2TRON
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Plasticity is a hallmark of aggressive tumors, including glioblastoma (GBM), enabling tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) to adapt to diverse niches and evade treatment. Here, we discuss how innate and adaptive immune players cooperate in time and space to create an immunosuppressive TME that supports GBM growth and confers resistance to conventional treatments and immunotherapies. We highlight how therapeutic interventions reshape the TME, underscoring the need for targeted approaches to overcome resistance. We introduce the concepts of local TME priming and TME rewiring as necessary foundations for achieving more effective and durable clinical responses in the future.

Indexed as

Brain NeoplasmsGlioblastomaTumor MicroenvironmentAdaptive ImmunityAnimalsHumansImmunity, InnateImmunotherapy

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.