Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41506755›Full record

Trial reportBMJ global health2026

Integration of azithromycin mass administration to 1-11-month-old children into an existing health platform to reduce child mortality: a cluster-randomised trial in Burkina Faso.

Fanny Yago-Wienne, Djeinam Toure, Georges Dimithé, Regina Khassanova, Souleymane Sidibé, Pouorinibé Noel Some, Issouf Bamba, Valérie Zombré, Ali Sie, Mamadou Bountogo and 7 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMJ global health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04716712 (Mortalite Infantile Reduite Par l'Administration de Masse de l'Azitromycine), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04716712 phase4active not recruitingnot on this map

Mortalite Infantile Reduite Par l'Administration de Masse de l'Azitromycine

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of California, San FranciscoRan2021 to 2026Enrolled694,400ConditionsChild MortalityArmsAzithromycin, Placebo
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Fanny Yago-WienneHelen Keller International, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Djeinam ToureHellen Kelle Intl, Dakar, Senegal.
Georges DimithéHelen Keller International, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Regina KhassanovaHelen Keller International, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Souleymane SidibéHelen Keller International, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Pouorinibé Noel SomeHelen Keller International, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Issouf BambaHelen Keller International, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Valérie ZombréMinistère de la santé, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Ali SieCentre de Recherche en Sante de Nouna, Nouna, Burkina Faso.
Mamadou BountogoCentre de Recherche en Sante de Nouna, Nouna, Burkina Faso.
Boubacar CoulibalyCentre de Recherche en Sante de Nouna, Nouna, Burkina Faso.
Mamadou OuattaraCentre de Recherche en Sante de Nouna, Nouna, Burkina Faso.
Brittany PetersonFrancis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.ORCID 0009-0008-8815-1642
Benjamin ArnoldFrancis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Thomas M LietmanFrancis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Elodie LebasFrancis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Kieran S O'BrienFrancis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA kieran.obrien@ucsf.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-1962-5321

Funding

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation INV-005395
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAzithromycin mass drug administration (MDA) to ages 1-59 months can reduce childhood mortality; however, more evidence is needed to support targeting a narrower age range of 1-11 months. This trial assesses the efficacy of azithromycin MDA to 1-11-month-old children in reducing mortality in a real-world setting with integration of vitamin A delivery within the established Child Health Days platform in Burkina Faso.

methodsMortalite Infantile Reduite par l'Administration de Masse de l'Azithromycine is a double-masked, cluster-randomised, placebo-controlled trial in Child Health Days communities in Burkina Faso. Primary healthcare centre catchment areas (Centres de Santé et de Promotion Sociale (CSPS)) were randomised 2:1 to deliver biannual azithromycin or placebo for 1-11-month-old children. Birth history data at the study endpoint were used to calculate mortality rates and compare between groups.

findingsFrom September 2021 to January 2024, 201 709 children in 303 CSPS received azithromycin and 100 959 children in 158 CSPS received placebo, with an overall treatment coverage of 85%. Mortality rates were 2.6 (95% CI 2.1 to 3.1) deaths per 1000 person-years in the azithromycin arm and 2.5 (95% CI 1.8 to 3.2) per 1000 person-years in the placebo arm. There was no significant difference in the mortality rates by arm (incidence rate ratio: 1.04; 95% CI 0.75 to 1.46; p value 0.80). There were 16 non-serious adverse events and no serious adverse events recorded during the trial.

interpretationThis trial demonstrates that azithromycin MDA for child survival can be scaled up and integrated into existing child health programmes but was unable to demonstrate an effect of azithromycin distribution on infant mortality. These findings indicate future policy decisions should consider treatment delivery to the larger age group of children up to 5 years old.

fundingThe trial was funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (INV-005395). TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04716712.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsAzithromycinChild MortalityInfant MortalityMass Drug AdministrationBurkina FasoDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansInfantMaleVitamin AAnti-Bacterial AgentsAzithromycinVitamin AAfricaChild healthGlobal Health

Identifiers

PMID41506755
PMCPMC13059839

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.