ArticlePloS one2026
MicroRNAs profiling in malaria and arbovirus coinfection: A systematic review protocol.
Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCoinfections between malaria and arboviruses such as Dengue virus (DENV), chikungunya Virus (CHIKV), and Zika virus (ZIKV) represent a significant clinical and public health challenge. The molecular pathogenesis of these coinfections is complex and poorly understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression and play a crucial role in the host response to infection. A comprehensive profile of miRNAs implicated in malaria-arbovirus coinfection could provide novel insights into disease mechanisms and reveal new targets for improved management and therapeutic strategies.
methodsThe review will be conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive search strategy will be executed in electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL) from January 2000 onwards, with no language restrictions. Grey literature sources will also be searched. Included study designs will comprise observational studies (cohort, case-control, cross-sectional) and clinical trials reporting primary data on miRNA expression. Two independent reviewers will screen records, extract data, and assess the risk of bias using appropriate tools (ROBINS-I, ROB-2, NIH tools). Data on study characteristics, patient demographics, confirmation of coinfection, miRNA profiling techniques, and differentially expressed miRNAs will be extracted. Given anticipated heterogeneity, a narrative synthesis will be performed. The strength of the evidence will be assessed using the GRADE approach.
conclusionThis systematic review will provide comprehensive evidence on miRNA expression patterns associated with malaria-arbovirus coinfections. The findings will advance understanding of coinfection pathogenesis and identify potential biomarkers for improved diagnostics and therapeutics. It will also pioneer an exploration of cross-kingdom gene regulation by plant-derived miRNAs, establishing a foundation for future functional validation studies. Additionally, the miRNA profiles identified may provide foundations for developing novel therapeutic approaches, including nanoparticle-based delivery systems. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration number: PROSPERO CRD42024600379.
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