ArticlePloS one2026
Gender-transformative health promotion interventions for linking and retaining tuberculosis-diagnosed adult men in care in sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review protocol.
Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of infectious disease mortality globally, with men in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) disproportionately affected. Men experience higher TB incidence, delayed care-seeking, poorer treatment adherence, and elevated mortality compared to women. Gender-transformative health promotion interventions that challenge harmful masculine norms, enhance health system responsiveness, and foster positive health behaviours show promise for improving linkage to and retention in TB care. However, evidence on their design, implementation, and effectiveness in SSA is limited. Following the Arksey and O'Malley framework, refined by Levac et al., this scoping review will map evidence on gender-transformative health promotion interventions targeting adult men (≥18 years) diagnosed with any form of TB in SSA. We will search PubMed via MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, Embase.com, Global Health, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, Africa-Wide Information, and the WHO Library, and screen reference lists of included studies. Eligibility will follow the Population-Concept-Context (PCC) framework, focusing on interventions supporting linkage to care, treatment initiation, adherence, or retention in care. Data will be charted using a standardized extraction tool, quality appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, and narratively synthesized using the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework. Stakeholder consultations will inform the interpretation of findings. As a protocol, no results are reported. The review will identify intervention characteristics, implementation strategies, barriers, facilitators, and outcomes across SSA contexts. Findings will guide the development of culturally sensitive, gender-responsive TB interventions aligned with the Sustainable Development Goal 3 to improve linkage and retention among men diagnosed with TB in SSA.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.