ArticleIJID regions2026
Epidemiology and control of hepatitis C virus infection in Brunei Darussalam: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in IJID regions, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objectives: We describe the epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) cases in Brunei Darussalam and evaluate factors associated with its treatment outcomes. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from two national databases between January 2013 and December 2022. Results: We identified 801 anti-HCV-positive cases. Although incidence remained relatively stable, prevalence rates increased from 10.1 to 48.7 per 100,00 population. Among those with detectable HCV RNA, treatment was initiated in 52.3% (n = 239). Locals (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16, 5.36) and age (30-39 years [aOR = 2.41, 95% CI 1.17, 5.07], 40-44 years [aOR = 2.55, 95% CI 1.19, 5.58], and 50-54 years [aOR = 2.76, 95% CI 1.25, 6.24) were associated with treatment initiation. Among those who completed treatment (69.5%, n = 166), 64.5% (n = 107) achieved sustained virologic response. HCV-related complications at baseline were recorded in 7.4% (n = 59) of all cases, particularly among those aged ≥50 years (aOR = 3.32, 95% CI 1.93, 5.79). HCV-related deaths occurred in 36.4% (n = 47), among which 44.7% (n = 21) had HCV-related complications at baseline. Conclusions: An increasing HCV prevalence (likely due to case management processes and patient-related factors) and the high proportion of deaths with baseline HCV-related complications suggest the need to strengthen HCV screening and management in Brunei.
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