Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41502615›Full record

ArticleACS omega2025

Metformin-Loaded Fusogenic Liposome Improves the Therapeutic Efficacy and Safety of Doxorubicin in a Breast Cancer Treatment.

Thaís Mendes Pinheiro, Thaís Cristina de Amaral Almeida, Juliana de Oliveira Silva, Júlia Lobato Lopes, Geovanni Dantas Cassali, Marilia Martins Melo, Marthin Raboch Lempek, Raquel da Silva Ferreira, Danyelle M Townsend, Elaine Amaral Leite and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS omega, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Thaís Mendes PinheiroDepartment of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.
Thaís Cristina de Amaral AlmeidaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.
Juliana de Oliveira SilvaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.
Júlia Lobato LopesDepartment of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.
Geovanni Dantas CassaliDepartment of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.
Marilia Martins MeloDepartment of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.
Marthin Raboch LempekDepartment of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.
Raquel da Silva FerreiraDepartment of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.
Danyelle M TownsendDepartment of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, United States.
Elaine Amaral LeiteDepartment of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8812-3811
André Luis Branco de BarrosDepartment of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7641-6585

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Breast cancer is a tumor with high incidence and mortality rates worldwide. Chemotherapeutic treatment consists of the systemic use of anticancer agents such as Doxorubicin (DOX). Recently, Metformin (MET), an antidiabetic drug, has been studied as an adjuvant in cancer treatment due to its action on proteins that regulate cell proliferation. DOX and MET have distinct drug distribution and pharmacokinetic parameters. Thus, strategies to equalize the delivery of these drugs to tumor tissue have been developed. In this context, liposomes are a promising alternative for increasing the effectiveness of cancer treatment with DOX and MET. This study aimed to prepare, characterize, and evaluate the antitumor activity of fusogenic liposomes containing DOX or MET. The liposomes were prepared by the Bangham method and characterized physicochemically. The prepared nanosystems (Lip-MET and Lip-DOX) showed diameters of approximately 120 nm, polydispersity index lower than 0.3, zeta potential close to neutrality, and drug encapsulation content of 98.8% ± 18.7 for Lip-DOX and 10.1% ± 0.5 for Lip-MET. To evaluate the antitumor activity, 4T1 breast tumor-bearing mice were used as a model. Once the tumor reached ∼100 mm

Identifiers

PMID41502615
PMCPMC12771238

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.