ArticleBMJ nutrition, prevention & health2025
Breastfeeding initiation and duration: links to physical, mental and behavioural health in US children aged 3-5 years.
Article in BMJ nutrition, prevention & health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Association between breastfeeding and lower risk of behavioral problems in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Breastfeeding is a cornerstone of child health. We investigated the associations of any breastfeeding initiation and duration with physical, mental and behavioural health conditions among children aged 3-5 years in the USA. Methods: Data were derived from the 2016 to 2022 National Survey of Children's Health, which is a national, population-based, cross-sectional study. A total of 40 280 children aged 3-5 years were included. Any breastfeeding initiation and duration, physical (asthma, allergies, arthritis, cerebral palsy, diabetes, epilepsy or seizure disorder, heart conditions or severe headaches), mental (anxiety or depression) and behavioural (Tourette syndrome, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or behavioural/conduct problems) health conditions were measured using parent-reported questionnaires. Results: Any breastfeeding was significantly associated with lower odds of behavioural health conditions (OR=0.76, 95% CI: 0.58 to 0.99) and marginally with mental health conditions (OR=0.70, 95% CI: 0.48 to 1.02, p=0.067). There was a significant non-linear trend between any breastfeeding duration and having a mental or behavioural health condition (all P Conclusions: Any breastfeeding was linked to better behavioural health and marginally to mental health, with no association found for physical health among children aged 3-5 years in the USA. Any breastfeeding duration of approximately 15 months appears to have the strongest association with promoting children's mental and behavioural health.
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