Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41502336›Full record

ArticleHuman psychopharmacology2026

Comparison of Side Effects Between 3-Monthly and 1-Monthly Paliperidone Palmitate Formulations in Patients With Schizophrenia.

Erkan Kuru, Ilker Ozdemir, Bengu Yucens, M Hakan Türkçapar

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Human psychopharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Erkan KuruPrivate Practice, Psychiatry, Ankara, Turkey.ORCID 0000-0003-1949-4007
Ilker OzdemirDepartment of Psychiatry, Bursa City Hospital, Bursa, Turkey.ORCID 0000-0002-3531-3280
Bengu YucensDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.ORCID 0000-0002-4721-7288
M Hakan TürkçaparDepartment of Psychology, Social Sciences University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey.ORCID 0000-0001-5298-8039

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe paliperidone palmitate 3-month (PP3M) formulation offers an extended dosing interval compared to the 1-month (PP1M) formulation. However, data on the comparative side effect profiles of PP1M versus PP3M in real-world settings remain limited. This study aimed to compare the side effect profiles in patients with schizophrenia receiving PP1M and those who switched from PP1M to PP3M. MATERIAL AND

methodsOf 473 patients with schizophrenia screened, 132 received long-acting injectable antipsychotics; 67 initiated PP1M, of whom 43 subsequently converted to PP3M and had evaluable data at both time points. The primary analysis used a within-patient mirror-image design (PP1M month-4 vs PP3M month-4). Side effects were assessed using the UKU Side Effect Rating Scale, and symptom severity was evaluated with the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms and the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms, at 4 months after PP1M initiation and 4 months after PP3M switch.

resultsUKU side-effect profiles were broadly similar after conversion to PP3M, with no increase in the UKU total score. The most frequent side effects for both formulations were increased fatigability, hypokinesia, weight gain, and diminished sexual desire. The frequency of side effects remained mostly stable, with constipation showing a significant decrease after switching. Side effects were more prevalent in patients with schizophrenia using multiple antipsychotics compared to monotherapy.

conclusionIn this within-patient cohort stabilized on PP1M, conversion to PP3M was not associated with an increase in overall UKU side-effect burden. Selecting the appropriate dose before switching and preferring monotherapy may enhance treatment comfort. These results may help guide clinicians in selecting long-acting injectable antipsychotics in practice.

Indexed as

Antipsychotic AgentsPaliperidone PalmitateSchizophreniaAdultDelayed-Action PreparationsDrug Administration ScheduleFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedAntipsychotic AgentsDelayed-Action PreparationsPaliperidone Palmitateantipsychotic agentsdrug‐related side effects and adverse reactionslong‐acting injectablepaliperidone palmitate 3‐monthpsychopharmacologyschizophreniatreatment outcome

Identifiers

PMID41502336
PMCPMC12780828

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.