ArticleSystematic reviews2026
Effectiveness of gamified swallowing exercise in adults with dysphagia: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Article in Systematic reviews, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDysphagia is a common health problem that affects the quality of life of millions of people. Several studies have shown that gamified swallowing exercise has a demonstrated potential to improve training adherence and swallowing function among adults with dysphagia. However, this evidence has not been fully systematically synthesized. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to systematically examine the effectiveness of gamified swallowing exercise in improving swallowing function among adults with dysphagia.
methodsThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol (PRISMA-P) 2015 checklist was followed to report the protocol. We will conduct the first retrieval in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, JBI, SinoMed, CNKI, and Wanfang on March 1, 2025. Before completing the systematic review, all target databases will be re-searched to capture the relevant publications, and the timing of the secondary retrieval will be reported in the final review. This systematic review aims to synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effectiveness of gamified swallowing exercise in adult dysphagia populations. The primary outcomes of interest include swallowing function, while the secondary outcomes encompass adherence, nutritional status, and quality of life. Methodological quality will be rigorously assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool 2.0. Data analyses will be conducted using RevMan 5.4 software, with the random-effects model being prioritized. The protocol will incorporate three analytical approaches: (1) subgroup analysis to explore heterogeneity sources, with the Instrument for the Credibility of Effect Modification ANalyses (ICEMAN) applied to evaluate subgroup effect credibility; (2) iterative sensitivity analyses, including leave-one-out meta-analyses, to examine the robustness of the results; and (3) evidence certainty grading using the GRADEpro GDT software. To ensure methodological rigor, all procedures-including study selection, data extraction, quality assessment, and evidence evaluation-will be independently performed by two reviewers. DISCUSSION: This review will synthesize existing studies to evaluate the effects of gamified swallowing exercise on adults with dysphagia, thereby providing valuable reference for healthcare providers to promote the clinical practice of swallowing rehabilitation. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42024617169.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.