ArticleInternational microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology2026
Investigation of probiotic, anticancer and antimicrobial activity of Enterococcus bacteria isolated from the gut microbiota of marine snails.
Article in International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Marine snails, a diverse and ecologically important group under the class Gastropods, possess unique gut microbial communities that are crucial to their physiology, ecology, and environmental interactions. In this research, we focused on exploring the gut microbiota of two marine snail species Murex forskoehlii (M. forskoehlii) and edible snail Thais savignyi (T. savignyi) to acquire bacterial isolates exhibiting probiotic traits and anticancer activity. The M. forskoehlii gut microbiota was predominant with two main phyla Pseudomonadota (62.8%) and Fusobacteria (34.7%) while T. savignyi gut microbiota was predominant with Pseudomonadota (57.6%), Bacteroidota (29.1%) and Bacillota (9.5%). Two Enterococcus strains identified as Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) and Enterococcus durans (E. durans) were isolated from M. forskoehlii and T. savignyi gut microbiota, respectively. Investigation of important probiotic characteristics in vitro demonstrated their high tolerance to acidic environment (pH 2.5) up to 6 h and bile salts (0.3 and 0.7%) up to 24 h. Furthermore, investigation into the strains' probiotic properties revealed that the isolated Enterococcus strains exhibited varying antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Microscopic analysis of the Cacao 2 cell lines revealed that cancer cells treated with bacterial cell free supernatant (CFS) exhibited apoptotic morphological alterations. The exopolysaccharide (EPS) production from both isolated strains was estimated. E. faecium and E. durans demonstrated good auto aggregation and hydrophobicity properties for a potential probiotic. This investigation demonstrated the intestinal microbiota biodiversity of marine snails and their use as a niche source for beneficial bacteria as probiotic bacteria.
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