ArticlePediatric research2026
Economic costs at age five for very preterm children with congenital anomalies: evidence from a European cohort.
Article in Pediatric research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Social Inequalities in Infant Mortality Related to Congenital Anomalies: A Population-Based Register Study.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2026Article
- Mortality amongst European children with congenital anomalies: Associations with socio-economic status in the EUROLINKCAT cohort.PloS one · 2026Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo estimate the association between very preterm birth combined with the presence of a congenital anomaly and economic costs during the fifth year of life in Europe.
methodsAn economic analysis was embedded within a population-based prospective cohort study, including all infants born between 22 + 0 and 31 + 6 weeks' gestation in 2011-2012 in 19 regions across 11 European countries. Economic costs (€, 2022 prices) during the fifth year of life were estimated for children born very preterm with (n = 313) and without (n = 3374) a congenital anomaly, and by severity of congenital anomaly. Multilevel generalised linear models explored factors associated with economic costs by anomaly severity.
resultsTotal mean societal costs during the fifth year of life were significantly higher among very preterm children born before 32 weeks with a congenital anomaly than those without (unadjusted mean cost difference: €2760, p = 0.02). A multilevel model including socioeconomic, clinical characteristics, and complications of preterm birth, showed that total mean societal costs were €3281 higher for children born before 32 weeks with congenital anomalies compared to those without (p < 0.001).
conclusionVery preterm birth combined with the presence of a congenital anomaly generates significant economic costs on health and social care systems in Europe. IMPACT: Very preterm birth combined with the presence of a congenital anomaly is associated with increased health and social service costs and increased societal costs during the fifth year of life. Additional severe neonatal morbidity is independently associated with increased costs in this population. Very preterm birth together with a congenital anomaly creates substantial economic burdens for health and social care systems and families five years after birth.
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Registered trials
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