Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41501037›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Global distribution and changes of leaf-level intrinsic water use efficiency and their responses to water stress.

Xiang Wang, Zheng Fu, Philippe Ciais, Lixin Wang, Nina Buchmann, Trevor F Keenan, Martin De Kauwe, Josep Peñuelas, Guo Chen, Xiaoying Gong and 10 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Xiang WangKey Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1271-767X
Zheng FuKey Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. fuzheng@igsnrr.ac.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7627-8824
Philippe CiaisLaboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8560-4943
Lixin WangDepartment of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0968-1247
Nina BuchmannInstitute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0826-2980
Trevor F KeenanClimate and Ecosystem Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3347-0258
Martin De KauweSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3399-9098
Josep PeñuelasCSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7215-0150
Guo ChenCollege of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Xiaoying GongKey Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology, College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4983-5645
Jingfeng XiaoEarth Systems Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0622-6903
Xing LiSchool of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2206-0429
Qiaoyun XieSchool of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1576-6610
Paul C StoyDepartment of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
David MakowskiUnit Applied Mathematics and Computer Science (UMR MIA-PS) INRAE AgroParisTech Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6385-3703
William K SmithSchool of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5785-6489
Han WangMinistry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Songhan WangCollege of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
Fangyue ZhangCollege of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5479-6214
Shuli NiuKey Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2394-2864

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) at the leaf level measures water expenditures by terestrial plants during photosynthesis, yet its global spatiotemporal dynamics and responses to water stress remain poorly understood. Using machine-learning models and carbon isotope observations in C

Indexed as

Plant LeavesWaterCarbon IsotopesClimateDehydrationDroughtsForestsPhotosynthesisSoilCarbon IsotopesSoilWater

Identifiers

PMID41501037
PMCPMC12891471

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.