Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41501036›Full record

Trial reportNature communications2026

Efficacy and safety of low-dose interleukin 2 for Behçet's syndrome: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 2 clinical trial.

Tian Liu, Wenyan Zhou, Yan Zhu, Weiyi Xia, Jiali Chen, Xian Xiao, Bo Huang, Ruiling Feng, Hua Ye, Shi Chen and 19 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled TrialClinical Trial, Phase II
In one paragraph

Trial report in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04065672 (Efficacy and Safety of Low-Dose Interleukin 2 for Behçet's Syndrome), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04065672 phase2completednot on this map

Efficacy and Safety of Low-Dose Interleukin 2 for Behçet's Syndrome: a Phase 2, Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorHeJingRan2021 to 2023Enrolled60ConditionsBehcet's DiseaseArmsLow-dose IL-2, Placebo
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

29 authors.

Tian Liu *Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1691-8372
Wenyan Zhou *Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4541-6603
Yan Zhu *Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Weiyi Xia *Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Jiali ChenDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Xian XiaoDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Bo HuangDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Ruiling FengDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Hua YeDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Shi ChenDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Xiaoying ZhangDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Miao ShaoDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Chun LiDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Yuan JiaDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2814-851X
Miao MiaoDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Yuebo JinDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Xue LiDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2368-812X
Xia ZhangDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Yunshan ZhouDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7448-8884
Ru LiDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Xuewu ZhangDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Yin SuDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Huixin LiuDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Jing LiDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-8958
Fanlei HuDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Jianping GuoDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Xiaolin SunDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9709-1532
Jing HeDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China. hejing@pkuph.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3904-8928
Zhanguo LiDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China. li99@bjmu.edu.cn.

Funding

Beijing Nova Program 20220484206National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 92374202, 32441099, 32141004, 82271835, 82071813, 81671602, 82171772, 82202003 and U1903210
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Behçet's syndrome (BS), a chronic vasculitis, leads to recurrent oral ulcers, severely impacting quality of life. Here we report the results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (NCT04065672) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of low-dose interleukin-2 (LD-IL-2) in BS patients. 60 participants with active oral ulcers are randomly assigned to receive LD-IL-2 or placebo. The primary endpoint is the oral ulcer count at week 12. The LD-IL-2 group has significantly fewer oral ulcers than the placebo group (0.69 ± 1.05 vs. 1.57 ± 0.90, P = 0.001) with greater improvements in ulcer pain, disease activity, and quality of life. No infections or severe adverse events are observed in either group. LD-IL-2 expands regulatory T (Treg) cells and decreased the ratio of effector T cell to Treg cells. Thus, LD-IL-2 therapy might be an effective and safe treatment in BS patients and is associated with the modulation of CD4 + T cell populations.

Indexed as

Behcet SyndromeInterleukin-2Oral UlcerAdultDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedQuality of LifeT-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryTreatment OutcomeYoung AdultInterleukin-2

Identifiers

PMID41501036
PMCPMC12873173

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.