Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41501034›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Electronegativity and entropy design of layered oxides for sodium-ion batteries.

Lu Gan, Hu-Rong Yao, Jingwen Dai, Zefeng Lai, Xin-Guang Yuan, Wei-Huan He, Qi-Lin Zheng, Min Wen, Wei-Wei Yuan, Min Lin and 11 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Lu GanFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and New Energy Materials, College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-6016-3619
Hu-Rong YaoFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and New Energy Materials, College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China. yaoyao@fjnu.edu.cn.
Jingwen DaiInstitute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
Zefeng LaiFujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Energy Devices (21C-Lab), Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited (CATL), Ningde, China.
Xin-Guang YuanFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and New Energy Materials, College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
Wei-Huan HeCAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Qi-Lin ZhengFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and New Energy Materials, College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
Min WenFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and New Energy Materials, College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
Wei-Wei YuanFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and New Energy Materials, College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
Min LinFujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Energy Devices (21C-Lab), Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited (CATL), Ningde, China.
Jian-Mao XiaoFujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Energy Devices (21C-Lab), Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited (CATL), Ningde, China.
Ze YuFujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Energy Devices (21C-Lab), Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited (CATL), Ningde, China.
Yu-Jie GuoCAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Jinling LiuCollege of Environmental and Resource Sciences and College of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
Fanghua NingInstitute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
Fei ZhanBeijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Denglong ChenCollege of Environmental and Resource Sciences and College of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
Lituo ZhengFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and New Energy Materials, College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
Zhigao HuangFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and New Energy Materials, College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8157-3550
Chuying OuYangFujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Energy Devices (21C-Lab), Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited (CATL), Ningde, China. cyouyang@jxnu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8891-1682
Yu-Guo GuoCAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. ygguo@iccas.ac.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0322-8476

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 22179021Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation) 2023J06028
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Exploring sodium-ion layered oxides with broad compositional diversity is an important approach for the development of high-performance positive electrodes. Structural chemistry determined by composition plays a decisive role in performance improvement, but the relationship between composition and structure becomes more elusive in complex multi-component systems. Here we propose an electronegativity entropy weight concept to understand entropy-dominated phases formation. Electronegativity and configurational entropy are used to quantify key interactions in layered materials. Guided by this understanding, we design a sodium-deficient layered oxide with an O3 stacking sequence. This material demonstrates good structural and thermal stability, along with air stability (negligible performance degradation after air exposure), cycling stability (93.02% capacity retention after 200 cycles), and rate capability (retaining 69.1% capacity retention from 86.5 mA g⁻¹ to 1.73 A g⁻¹). Even in potassium-ion batteries with larger inserted ions, the material still exhibits cycling stability. This strategy provides valuable compositional guidance for the rational design of high-performance layered oxide materials.

Identifiers

PMID41501034
PMCPMC12864744

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.