Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41500499›Full record

ArticlePediatrics2026

Hospitalization Outcomes of Full-Term and Premature Children Aged Less Than 2 Years Hospitalized With RSV.

Abigail L Salthouse, Ayzsa Tannis, Rachel E Rutkowski, Geoffrey A Weinberg, Peter G Szilagyi, Mary A Staat, Elizabeth Schlaudecker, Natasha B Halasa, Laura S Stewart, Julie A Boom and 10 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Abigail L SalthouseCoronavirus and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Ayzsa TannisCoronavirus and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Rachel E RutkowskiCoronavirus and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Geoffrey A WeinbergDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York.
Peter G SzilagyiDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York.
Mary A StaatDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Elizabeth SchlaudeckerDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Natasha B HalasaVanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
Laura S StewartVanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
Julie A BoomTexas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas.
Leila C SahniTexas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas.
Marian G MichaelsUPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Jennifer E SchusterDepartment of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri.
Rangaraj SelvaranganDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri.
Eileen J KleinSeattle Children's Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Janet A EnglundSeattle Children's Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
John V WilliamsUPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Ariana ToepferCoronavirus and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Heidi L MolineCoronavirus and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Fatimah S DawoodCoronavirus and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.

Funding

NCIRD CDC HHS U01 IP000017NCIRD CDC HHS U01 IP001049NCIRD CDC HHS U01 IP001158
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrematurity may place young children at increased risk for severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease because of differences in lung development. We describe characteristics of children aged less than 2 years hospitalized with RSV by prematurity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) status and examine both as risk factors for severe in-hospital outcomes.

methodsDuring 2016-2023, population-based surveillance was conducted at 7 medical centers for hospitalizations with RSV-associated acute respiratory illness in children. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to estimate adjusted relative risks (aRRs) of prolonged hospitalization (≥3 days), intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and assisted ventilation by age in children with prematurity without and with BPD compared with term children after adjustment for surveillance site and palivizumab receipt.

resultsAmong 5844 children, 4626 (79.2%) were term and 1218 (20.8%) were premature, including 1138 (93.4%) without BPD and 80 (6.6%) with BPD. Compared with term children, all premature children had greater risks for prolonged hospitalization (aRR = 1.3; 95% CI, 1.2-1.5), ICU admission (aRR = 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.6), and assisted ventilation (aRR = 2.0; 95% CI, 1.4-2.8) at chronological age less than 6 months. Premature children with BPD also had greater risk for prolonged hospitalization at all ages through 23 months.

conclusionsPremature children accounted for 1 in 5 hospitalizations among children aged less than 2 years hospitalized with RSV. Compared with term children, all premature children had increased risk for severe in-hospital outcomes in early infancy, and those with BPD remained at increased risk of prolonged hospitalization through age 23 months.

Indexed as

HospitalizationInfant, PrematureRespiratory Syncytial Virus InfectionsBronchopulmonary DysplasiaFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornLength of StayMalePalivizumabRespiration, ArtificialRisk FactorsPalivizumab

Identifiers

PMID41500499
PMCPMC13378413

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.