Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41498992›Full record

Trial reportSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung2026

Augmenting blood oxygen saturation via the sleep environment: a crossover trial of non-invasive indoor oxygen diffusion.

Sungroul Kim, Wahyu Chandra Pradana, Jiwon Lim, Seongha Jo, Misook Hong, Birhan Legese Gurmu, Kwang Ik Yang

Abstract readClinical Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Sungroul KimDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea. Sungroul.Kim@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0001-8726-9288
Wahyu Chandra PradanaDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea.
Jiwon LimCenter for Sleep and Brain Health, Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, 31151, Republic of Korea.
Seongha JoDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea.
Misook HongDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea.
Birhan Legese GurmuDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea.
Kwang Ik YangCenter for Sleep and Brain Health, Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, 31151, Republic of Korea. neurofan@schmc.ac.kr.

Funding

KT and Soonchunhyang University 2024 12231044241
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionContinuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) is the standard treatment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA); however, patient adherence is often low. This study investigated the efficacy of a novel, non-invasive environmental strategy, elevating indoor oxygen (O2) levels, as a complementary approach for individuals at potential risk of OSA.

methodsA crossover trial with 20 participants was conducted, each undergoing two overnight polysomnography (PSG) tests: a sham control and an intervention night. During the intervention, the point-source oxygen diffusion system (80% purity, 8 L/min) increased the indoor O2 concentration. Indoor air quality (IAQ) parameters, including O2 and carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, along with standard PSG and blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) data, were simultaneously monitored.

resultsThe intervention significantly increased the indoor O2 by a median of 1.4% (p < 0.001). This change demonstrated a strong positive correlation (r = 0.76, p < 0.01) with the SpO2. Multivariate regression analysis further confirmed that a 1% increase in indoor O2 predicted a 0.5% increase in nocturnal SpO2 after controlling for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and baseline OSA severity.

conclusionThese findings suggest that a moderate increase in indoor environmental oxygen can significantly improve nocturnal blood-oxygen saturation. This simple, non-invasive method may complement existing therapies, offering benefits to individuals with mild-to-moderate OSA, sleep disturbances at high altitudes, and nocturnal hypoxemia from chronic respiratory diseases such as COPD.

Indexed as

OxygenOxygen SaturationSleep Apnea, ObstructiveAdultAir Pollution, IndoorContinuous Positive Airway PressureCross-Over StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPolysomnographyOxygenDiffusive oxygen supplyIndoor air qualityObstructive sleep apnea (OSA)Oxygen saturation in blood (SpO2)Polysomnography (PSG)Sleep health

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.